Value of the data •This research evaluates the impact of the DEHP on the antioxidant metabolism and trace element and mineral levels on the rat brain and testis first time in the literature. •ICP-MS data is useful for the information about DEHP-induced changes in the trace element and mineral levels. •These data are relevant in both toxicology and biochemistry research, especially for the understanding of effects on the endocrine disrupting chemicals on the tissues with the blood-tissue barrier. •The data are useful for the revealing anti-oxidant enzyme status and imbalance in the trace element and mineral levels upon DEHP treatment at the different concentrations.