Table 2.

Multivariable Model of Risk Factors to Predict Decline in Functional Status (n = 949)^*

Variable	No. Patients [n (%)]	OR (95% CI)†	P Value
Factors present at hospital admission
Sociodemographic factors and preexisting health status
Age at PICU admission			0.63
2 wk to <2 yr	489 (52)	1.0
2 to <6 yr	173 (18)	0.86 (0.47–1.55)
6 to <18 yr	287 (30)	1.13 (0.78–1.64)
Normal functional status at baseline‡	680 (72)	0.68 (0.49–0.94)	0.02
Premature (<36 wk postmenstrual age)	137 (14)	1.61 (1.02–2.54)	0.04
Cancer (current or previous diagnosis)	51 (5)	2.22 (1.15–4.28)	0.02
Features of the presenting acute illness
PRISM III-12 score (1-point increase)	7 (3–12)§	1.01 (0.99–1.04)	0.34
Primary diagnosis category			0.08
Bronchiolitis or asthma (or reactive airway disease)	329 (35)	1.0
Pneumonia or aspiration pneumonia	406 (43)	1.40 (0.95–2.07)
Acute respiratory failure related to sepsis	115 (12)	2.12 (0.94–4.76)
Other acute diagnoses	77 (8)	1.72 (0.92–3.23)
Other chronic diagnoses	22 (2)	4.55 (1.51–13.74)
Hospital course variables
Duration of mechanical ventilation			<0.0001
<7 d	525 (55)	1.0
7 to <14 d	276 (29)	1.67 (1.10–2.53)
14 to <28 d	102 (11)	2.69 (1.55–4.66)
≥28 d (including transfers by Day 28)	46 (5)	3.42 (1.68–6.94)
Clonidine	122 (13)	2.14 (1.22–3.76)	0.008

Definition of abbreviations: CI = confidence interval; OR = odds ratio; PICU = pediatric ICU; PRISM III-12 = Pediatric Risk of Mortality III score from the first 12 hours in the PICU.

^*Area under the curve = 0.732.

^†OR > 1 indicates higher risk of decline in functional status. ORs were calculated using logistic regression accounting for PICU as a cluster variable using generalized estimating equations.

^‡Normal functional status at baseline was defined as Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category (PCPC) = 1 and Pediatric Overall Performance Category (POPC) = 1. POPC must be greater than or equal to PCPC (13).

^§Median (interquartile range).