Table 2.

Quantitative and Qualitative Results

Quantitative results (n = 28)
	Baseline/control phase (3-month period before enrollment)	Run-in phase: participant-initiated (from enrollment to 3-month visit)	Intervention phase: provider-initiated (from 3- to 6-month visit)	Learned phase: participant-initiated (from 6- to 9-month visit)	P
Number of participant-initiated contacts	15	20	12	7	0.23
% of participants who initiated contact	29	36	21	18	0.38
Hemoglobin A1c (%, mean ± SD)	8.6 ± 1.8	8.5 ± 1.8	9.0 ± 1.7	8.9 ± 1.5	0.08
Blood glucose checks per day (mean ± SD)	4.1 ± 2.3	3.8 ± 1.8	3.7 ± 2.7	3.0 ± 1.7	0.02

Qualitative results
Barriers to using the integrated glucose meter	Examples of participant comments
Several steps are required to pair the GM with the iPhone and with the EHR.	“Too much hassle,” “too complicated,” and “too many steps”
The integration system was not compatible with GMs that communicate with insulin pumps.	“Wish it worked with insulin pumps”
The GM had a short battery life, and when the battery died, the GM would disconnect from the iPhone. After changing the battery, the GM then had to be re-paired with the iPhone, and participants often forgot this step.	“Wish the battery life were longer”
Participants used many GMs, leading to inconsistent transmission of data to the EHR.	“Doesn't work with the GM I use at school”
The GM was only compatible with the iPhone or iPod.	“Wish it worked with Android®”

EHR, electronic health record.