Table 3.
Accumulative disease manifestations in the Stanford and Iranian Behçet’s disease cohorts
| Stanford n (%) | Iran n (%) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 56 (100) | 163 (100) | |
| Mucosal involvement | |||
| Oral ulcer | 56 (100) | 162 (99.4) | 1 |
| Genital ulcer | 48 (85.7) | 102 (62.6) | 0.001 |
| Skin | 33 (58.9) | 65 (39.9) | 0.013 |
| Pseudofolliculitis | 23 (41.1) | 49 (30.1) | 0.13 |
| Erythema nodosum | 10 (17.9) | 26 (16.0) | 0.74 |
| Other lesions | 5 (8.9) | 15 (9.2) | 0.95 |
| Ocular | 12 (21.4) | 87 (53.4) | 0.00003 |
| Anterior uveitis | 7 (12.5) | 64 (39.3) | 0.0002 |
| Posterior uveitis | 6 (10.7) | 73 (44.8) | <0.00001 |
| Retinal vasculitis | 1 (1.8) | 53 (32.5) | <0.00001 |
| Joint | 33 (58.9) | 62 (38.0) | 0.006 |
| Arthralgia only | 18 (32.1) | 27 (16.6) | 0.013 |
| Arthritis | 14 (25.0) | 39 (23.9) | 0.87 |
| Inflammatory back pain | 4 (7.1) | 5 (3.1) | 0.24 |
| Vascular | 15 (26.8) | 8 (4.9) | <0.0001 |
| Superficial phlebitis | 4 (7.1) | 3 (1.8) | 0.73 |
| Lower limb thrombosis | 5 (8.9) | 6 (3.7) | 0.15 |
| Other large vein thrombosis | 8 (14.3) | 0 (0) | 0.00001 |
| Arterial thrombosis | 0 | 0 | - |
| Arterial aneurysm | 6 (10.7) | 0 (0) | <0.0002 |
| Headache | 18 (32.1) | 7 (4.3) | <0.00001 |
| Neurological* | 10 (17.9) | 6 (3.7) | 0.001 |
| Parenchymal | 4 (7.1) | 3 (1.8) | 0.07 |
| Meningoencephalitis | 2 (3.6) | 2 (1.2) | 0.28 |
| CNS vascular lesions | 5 (8.9) | 0 | 0.001 |
| Gastrointestinal** | 15 (26.8) | 3 (1.8) | <0.00001 |
| Terminal ileitis | 4 (7.1) | 1 (0.6) | 0.016 |
| Colitis | 4 (7.1) | 0 (0) | 0.004 |
| Rectal bleeding | 4 (7.1) | 2 (1.2) | 0.038 |
| Other GI# | 5 (8.9) | 0 (0) | 0.001 |
| Epididymo-orchitis | 1 (5.9) | 5 (5) | 1 |
| Renal | 1 (1.8) | 0 (0) | 0.25 |
| Pulmonary | 6 (10.7) | 0 (0) | <0.0002 |
| Cardiac | 4 (7.1) | 1 (0.6) | 0.016 |
Groups were compared using Chi square test or Fischer’s exact test when appropriate.
1 Iranian patient had PNS lesion.
We did not consider diarrhea, nonspecific dyspepsia, and/or GERD/peptic ulcer disease as gastrointestinal manifestations. Data on aphthous ulcers were available for the Stanford cohort only (n=3, 5.4%), and therefore not included.
Other GI manifestations: pancreatitis, eosinophilic esophagitis, gastroparesis/malabsorption, idiopathic gastroparesis, and intestinal obstruction. Pulmonary involvement; embolism (n=3), fibrosis (n=2), and pulmonary artery aneurysm (n=1).
Epididymo-orchitis: only present in male patients; Renal: 1 case of interstitial nephritis; Pulmonary involvement: embolism (n=3), fibrosis (n=2), and pulmonary artery aneurysm; Cardiac: pericarditis (n=0), ischemic heart disease (n=4), valvular disease (n=1), cardiomyopathy (n=1), and ventricular aneurysm (n=1).