Figure 1.

Schematic of the experimental paradigm. The experiment included three conditions: (A) speaking, (B) silent reading, and (C) seeing. (D) An auditory stimulus (1 kHz, 50-ms duration, 75 dB SPL) was presented 400 ms after initial appearance of the stimulus word (in the speaking and silent reading conditions) or symbols (in the seeing condition) in one third of the trials of each condition, whereas no auditory stimulus was presented in the remaining trials. Adapted from Daliri and Max (2015b): Brain and Language, Vol. 143, A. Daliri and L. Max, “Modulation of Auditory Processing During Speech Movement Planning is Limited in Adults Who Stutter,” pp. 59–68, Copyright © 2015, with permission from Elsevier.