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. 2019 Oct 18;10:1082. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2019.01082

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Copyright © 2019 Eisele, Fischer, Szabo, Platten and Gass.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Exemplary MRI of a 44-year-old woman presenting with relapsing–remitting MS. (A) T2-FLAIR, (B) pre-contrast SWI and magnification (E), (C) post-contrast T1-weighted (T1w), and (D) post-contrast SWI and magnification (F). Conventional MRI demonstrates a chronic T1-hypointense lesion (“black hole”) that appears homogenously hypointense on SWI. Post-contrast SWI (D) and magnification (F) facilitated the visibility of the penetrating vein already seen in pre-contrast images but had no influence on the total number of veins detectable or diagnostic image quality and parenchymal signal alterations. MS, multiple sclerosis; FLAIR, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery; SWI, susceptibility-weighted magnetic resonance imaging.