Table 1. Baseline Characteristics Between the Preintervention and Postintervention Groupsa.
| Characteristic | Study Periodb | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Preintervention (n = 29 098) | Postintervention (n = 30 911) | ||
| Age at procedure, mean (SD), y | 62.4 (14.4) | 63.5 (13.5) | <.001c |
| Duration of procedure, mean (SD), y | 2.4 (1.5) | 2.5 (1.5) | <.001c |
| Procedure | |||
| CABG-CD | 2512 (8.6) | 2661 (8.6) | <.001d |
| CABG-C | 458 (1.6) | 529 (1.7) | |
| Craniotomy | 1771 (6.1) | 2230 (7.2) | |
| Spinal fusion | 4514 (15.5) | 5233 (16.9) | |
| Hip prosthesis | 6569 (22.6) | 7189 (23.3) | |
| Abdominal hysterectomy | 220 (0.8) | 340 (1.1) | |
| Knee prosthesis | 7787 (26.8) | 9013 (29.2) | |
| Laminectomy | 5267 (18.1) | 3716 (12.0) | |
| ASA class | |||
| 1 | 1082 (3.7) | 789 (2.6) | <.001d |
| 2 | 13 460 (46.3) | 12 953 (41.9) | |
| 3 | 10 852 (37.3) | 13 156 (42.6) | |
| 4 | 3623 (12.5) | 3919 (12.7) | |
| 5 | 81 (0.3) | 94 (0.3) | |
| Emergency procedure | 1687 (5.8) | 1508 (4.9) | <.001d |
| Endoscopic approach | 1860 (6.4) | 1858 (6.0) | .053d |
| Trauma | 1150 (4.0) | 1047 (3.4) | <.001d |
| PRI closure technique | 29 080 (99.9) | 30 899 (99.9) | .21d |
| Diabetes | 4291 (14.8) | 6614 (21.4) | <.001c |
Abbreviations: ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; CABG-CD, coronary artery bypass graft with chest and donor site incisions; CAGB-C, coronary artery bypass graft with chest incision only; PRI, primary closure technique.
a
Data are presented as number (percentage) of patients unless otherwise indicated.
b
The preintervention period is from January 1, 2014, through February 29, 2016, and the postintervention period is from June 1, 2016, through July 31, 2018.
c
Statistical analysis using 2-sample t test.
d
Statistical analysis using χ2 test.