Table 3.

The results are presented as log₁₀ TCID₅₀/ml (mean±SE) of Newcastle disease virus and avian influenza virus inactivating efficacy, using 0.17% and 3% of food additive grade calcium hydroxide solution, in the absence or presence of organic materials.

Conditions	Newcastle disease virus				Avian influenza virus
	0.17%		3%		0.17%		3%
	0% FBS	5% FBSa	0% FBS	5% FBS	0% FBS	5% FBS	0% FBS	5% FBS
tpcb	8.13±0.43	8.25±0.47	8.13±0.43	8.13±0.43	6.50±0.35	6.50±0.35	6.31±0.31	6.31±0.31
0 sc	8.17±0.38	8.25±0.66	8.08±0.29	8.00±0.50	6.25±0.43	6.50±0.50	6.19±0.72	6.50±0.58
5 sd	NTe	NT	NT	NT	3.92±0.76	4.00±0.25	3.33±1.04	3.33±1.44
30 s	NT	NT	NT	NT	2.92±0.52*	2.50±0.00*	2.92±0.29*	2.50±0.00*
1 min	NT	NT	NT	NT	NT	NT	NT	NT
5 min	5.63±0.18	6.13±0.53	5.25±0.00	5.38±0.18	NT	NT	NT	NT
10 min	4.67±0.14*	5.83±0.76	4.75±0.25*	5.00±0.66*	NT	NT	NT	NT
30 min	4.13±0.88*	5.08±0.29*	4.25±0.71*	4.25±1.06*	NT	NT	NT	NT
1 h	NT	4.75±0.00*	NT	NT	NT	NT	NT	NT

^aFetal bovine serum was added to FdCa (OH)₂ solution so as to represent 5% organic materials of total volume.

^bThe titer converted into an index in log₁₀ of virus control.

^cThe titer in log₁₀ while adding blocking solution before Newcastle disease virus or avian influenza virus.

^dThe titer converted into an index in log₁₀ of the recovered virus after indicated time of treatment, such as 5 s, 30 s, 1 min, 5 min, 10 min, 15 min, 30 min, and 1 h.

^eNT=Not tested.

^*Inactivation regarded as effective when RF was ≥3. tpc=Titer of bacteria/virus control, FBS=Fetal bovine serum, FdCa (OH)₂=Food additive grade calcium hydroxide