TABLE 2.
Clusters: specific vocabulariesa and illustrative variables.
| CLUSTER 1 | CLUSTER 4 | CLUSTER 2 | CLUSTER 3 | ||||
| The students’ discourse on marginality | The students’ behavior between disorder and attentiveness | The teachers’ discourse on difficulties | The teachers’ behavior in the organization | ||||
| Chi2 | Words | Chi2 | Words | Chi2 | Words | Chi2 | Words |
| 41.66 | I | 106.75 | ANNA | 39.29 | professors | 130.63 | experimental |
| 30.72 | LUIGI | 70.35 | ROBERTO | 28.76 | students | 118.75 | (it) will be |
| 31.59 | we | 67.4 | GIUSEPPE | 22.21 | difficulties | 107.86 | meeting |
| 29.43 | because | 54.08 | educator X | 20.75 | school | 97.92 | experimentation |
| 29.15 | ANTONIO | 53.21 | professor | 20.57 | inside | 96.62 | activity |
| 26.98 | people | 47.12 | confusion | 18.70 | communication | 76.56 | course |
| 26.72 | (to) say | 44.2 | ROSA | 15.75 | relationship | 75.03 | meetings |
| 26.55 | maybe | 38.64 | begin | 14.69 | questionnaire | 64.28 | dates |
| 24.33 | our | 37.86 | classmates | 13.28 | research | 64.28 | feedback |
| 23.97 | FABRIZIO | 31.88 | (to) do | 13.16 | discourse | 51.86 | teaching |
| 21.41 | you (pl.) | 28.57 | (s/he) does | 12.83 | skills | 45.52 | thirty |
| 20.32 | SALVATORE | 28.55 | BENEDETTA | 12.83 | knowledge | 45.52 | involved |
| 18.06 | center | 27.3 | professor Y | 10.98 | (to) communicate | 43.08 | specific |
| 18.06 | friends | 27.3 | calm (adj) | 10.98 | awareness | 42.79 | conduct |
| 17.74 | (to) comment | 27.3 | calm (adj. pl) | 10.98 | curiosity | 42.79 | (they) will be |
| 17.74 | (I) feel | 26.26 | class | 10.46 | sense | 42.79 | agreed |
| 16.33 | STEFANO | 25.79 | (s/he) gets up | 9.93 | participation | 39.24 | fulfilment |
| 16.33 | (s/he) retorts | 25.45 | now | 9.93 | forms | 39.24 | (to) realise |
| 15.62 | freedom | 24.52 | minutes | 9.41 | group | 35.59 | emerged |
| 15.28 | (s/he) retells | 24.52 | (s/he) jokes | 9.13 | resources | 35.03 | hours |
| 15.21 | (we) are | 24.10 | while | 9.13 | outside | 32.70 | operators |
| 15.18 | (s/he) suggests | 24.10 | (s/he) re-exits | 9.13 | importance | 32.70 | observer |
| 13.85 | other | 21.75 | (to) enter | 9.13 | need | 32.70 | main |
| 13.80 | things | 21.75 | (s/he) goes out | 9.13 | understand | 32.03 | February |
| 13.53 | (s/he) wants | 19.88 | moment | 9.13 | ignite | 32.03 | educator |
| 13.22 | ENRICO | 19.61 | kids | 9.13 | alliance | 29.99 | March |
| 12.62 | truth | 19.55 | experiment | 7.84 | experiences | 29.99 | English |
| 11.36 | (s/he) exclaims | 19.55 | (to) exit | 7.77 | neighborhood | 26.00 | (to) define |
| 11.36 | in fact | 19.10 | (s/he) comes | 7.77 | ability | 25.66 | classes |
| 11.36 | your (pl.) | 18.99 | known | 7.77 | fundamental | 22.58 | workshops |
| 11.36 | really | 18.99 | desks | 7.77 | topics | 22.58 | (they) show |
| 11.25 | dare del lei ∗ | 17.60 | desk | 7.29 | unanimously | 21.45 | project |
| 10.87 | language | 16.93 | after | 7.29 | scarce | 21.24 | day |
| 10.87 | friend | 16.65 | doing | 7.29 | spontaneity | 17.69 | way |
| 10.08 | UGO | 16.61 | to explain | 7.29 | comprehend | 16.95 | maths |
| 10.08 | PAOLO | 16.25 | hallway | 7.29 | process | 16.95 | impressions |
| 10.08 | GIANNI | 16.25 | calm (n.) | 7.29 | development | 16.95 | phase |
| 10.08 | convinced | 16.25 | ground | 7.29 | (to) organise | 15.74 | reflections |
| 10.08 | (you) can | 16.25 | (they) have to | 7.29 | questions | 13.44 | (to) observe |
| 10.08 | my | 16.25 | (to) stay | 7.29 | time | 13.44 | together |
| 10.08 | close | 16.25 | (to) sit down | 7.1 | possible | 13.22 | unit |
| 10.08 | (to be) available | 14.36 | focused | 5.46 | learning | 12.93 | April |
| 9.24 | says | 14.18 | (they) do | 5.46 | examine | 12.93 | offer |
| 9.00 | suburb | 13.51 | LINA | 5.46 | help | 12.93 | features |
| 8.92 | easy | 13.51 | (to) notice | 5.46 | computer | 12.93 | third |
| 8.92 | friendship | 13.51 | (they) get up | 5.46 | message | 12.93 | available |
| 8.92 | (we) pretend | 13.51 | hallways | 5.46 | world | 12.93 | observed |
| 8.92 | simply | 13.51 | (we) arrive | 5.46 | numbers | 12.93 | realization |
| 8.58 | reflects | 13.51 | (they) say | 5.46 | telegraph | 12.93 | participatory |
| 8.58 | image | 13.51 | (they) play | 12.93 | report | ||
| 8.58 | issue | 13.51 | to follow | 12.00 | observation | ||
| 7.54 | rather | 13.51 | (they) sit down | 7.29 | workshop | ||
| 7.54 | too much | 12.27 | (s/he) brings | 7.12 | agreement | ||
| 7.54 | control | 12.27 | (s/he) decides | 7.12 | aim | ||
| 7.54 | cage | 12.15 | often | 6.71 | first | ||
| 7.54 | majority | 12.15 | attention | 6.32 | content | ||
| 7.54 | (they) understand | 11.83 | as soon as | ||||
| 7.54 | concerns | 11.09 | hand | ||||
| 7.48 | good | 10.79 | FRANCESCO | ||||
| 6.66 | all | 10.79 | meanwhile | ||||
| 6.54 | proves | 10.79 | (they) start | ||||
| 6.54 | finally | 10.79 | throwing | ||||
| 6.54 | free | 10.79 | objects | ||||
| 6.51 | (we) have | 10.79 | arrogant | ||||
| 6.51 | malaise | 10.79 | calm | ||||
| 6.39 | concludes | 10.79 | vivacious | ||||
| 6.20 | (s/he) was | 10.79 | photo | ||||
| 5.90 | (they) have | 10.79 | disorder | ||||
| 5.33 | again/yet | 9.82 | (to) shout | ||||
| 9.67 | circle | ||||||
| 9.66 | pause | ||||||
| 8.08 | PIERO | ||||||
| 8.08 | behind | ||||||
| 8.08 | now | ||||||
| 8.08 | violent | ||||||
| 8.08 | sheet | ||||||
| 8.08 | change | ||||||
| 8.08 | hands | ||||||
| 7.11 | teacher’s desk | ||||||
| 7.11 | (we) enter | ||||||
| 7.01 | classmate | ||||||
| 6.44 | silence | ||||||
| Illustrative variables: | Illustrative variables: | Illustrative variables: | Illustrative variables: | ||||
| 165.1 | city ROME | 428.13 | city NAPLES | 207.76 | city BOLOGNA | 39.58 | activity DISCUSSION |
| 165.1 | school UPPER SECONDARY | 146.35 | school LOWER SECONDARY | 148.85 | activity DISCUSSION | ||
| 55.19 | activity WORKSHOP | 91.27 | activity WORKSHOP | 12.37 | school LOWER SECONDARY | ||
aIn the translation from Italian to English it was often necessary to use more than one word to get across the original meaning. The words with a value of Chi2 up to about 5 are shown. ∗Non-translatable expression in English that indicates addressing the other in a formal way.