Table 2.
Characteristics of all subjects.
| Items mean (SD) | Neither nicotine nor alcohol exposed | Alcohol exposed only | Nicotine exposed only | Both nicotine and alcohol exposed | P1 | P2 | P3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 48 | 16 | 16 | 63 | |||
| Age, years | 30.13 (5.52) | 36.56 (7.29) | 39.60 (4.53) | 38.68 (6.31) | 0.0004 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Marriage age, years, | 24.35 (4.11) | 21.07 (2.99) | 27.92 (5.71) | 24.69 (5.69) | 0.0064 | 0.0242 | 0.7351 |
| Body mass index | 23.10 (4.02) | 22.01 (2.05) | 22.48 (2.71) | 22.52 (2.42) | 0.3186 | 0.6952 | 0.3651 |
| Sexual absence, days | 7.02 (5.70) | 4.56 (4.29) | 7.00 (7.48) | 5.56 (8.47) | 0.1196 | 0.9909 | 0.3039 |
| Semen volume, ml, | 2.96 (1.21) | 2.50 (1.64) | 2.90 (1.57) | 2.52(1.39) | 0.2366 | 0.8802 | 0.0869 |
| Sperm concentration, ×106/ml | 65.47 (45.30) | 65.40 (55.79) | 55.31 (42.42) | 58.23(47.94) | 0.9958 | 0.4445 | 0.4213 |
| Motility (moving forward), % | 49.13 (12.20) | 42.64 (17.97) | 37.03 (20.34) | 37.86(19.86) | 0.1091 | 0.0064 | 0.0008 |
| Vitality, % | 68.50 (15.39) | 63.00 (15.09) | 62.38 (18.06) | 67.30(16.20) | 0.3733 | 0.3408 | 0.7583 |
| LH, IU/L | 5.32 (2.36) | 4.25 (2.28) | 6.02 (3.05) | 4.94(3.97) | 0.1181 | 0.3552 | 0.5603 |
| T, IU/L | 5.34 (1.96) | 4.51 (2.47) | 5.75 (1.81) | 5.00(2.60) | 0.1744 | 0.4735 | 0.4574 |
| FSH, IU/L | 5.05 (2.39) | 4.16 (2.36) | 7.87 (4.50) | 5.69(5.74) | 0.2003 | 0.0026 | 0.4734 |
P1: neither nicotine nor alcohol exposed vs alcohol exposed only; P2: neither nicotine- nor alcohol exposed vs nicotine exposed only; P3: neither nicotine nor alcohol exposed vs both nicotine and alcohol exposed. The bold represent p <0.05.
BMI, body mass index; FSH, Follicle-stimulating hormone, LH, luteinizing hormone; T, testosterone.