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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Oct 25.
Published in final edited form as: J Am Dent Assoc. 2017 Jan 23;148(3):172–178.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.adaj.2016.11.020

Table 1.

Antibiotic prescribing by general dentists according to antibiotic category, antibiotic agent and sex, age group, and geographic region for patients of all ages, 2013.

Characteristic Prescription
Number in millions Percent Per 1,000 persons
Antibiotic category
Penicillins 17.07 69.6 53.9
Lincosamides 3.57 14.6 11.3
Macrolides 1.33 5.4 4.2
Cephalosporins 1.24 5.1 3.9
β –lactams, increased activity 0.56 2.3 1.8
Tetracycline 0.47 1.9 1.5
Quinolones 0.21 0.8 0.6
Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole 0.05 0.2 0.2
Urinary anti-infectives 0.02 0.1 0.1
Other 0.00 0.0 0.0
Total 24.52 100.0 77.5
Antibiotic agent
Amoxicillin 13.80 56.3 43.6
Clindamycin 3.57 14.4 11.3
Penicillin V 3.24 13.2 10.2
Cephalexin 1.19 4.9 3.8
Azithromycin 1.14 4.7 3.6
Amoxicillin clavulanate 0.56 2.3 1.8
Doxycycline 0.45 1.7 1.4
Ciprofloxacin 0.16 0.6 0.5
Erythromycin 0.15 0.4 0.5
Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim 0.05 0.2 0.2
Others 0.21 1.3 0.6
Sex of patient
Male 10.73 43.9 68.9
Female 13.70 56.1 85.2
Age group of patient (years)
0-2 0.03 0.1 2.8
3-9 0.75 3.1 26.1
10-19 1.11 4.6 26.5
20-39 5.76 23.9 67.4
40-64 10.79 44.8 103.6
65+ 5.63 23.4 126.0
Region of prescriber
Northeast 4.87 19.9 87.0
Midwest 5.43 22.1 80.3
South 8.96 36.6 75.6
West 5.26 21.4 70.7