Table 2.
Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for the cases in Table 1 for which there were documented differences in metabolic concentration, and for which at least one metabolite relaxation time was reported in the particular disease, region and field strength. For each such case, the average±SD is noted for concentrations and relaxation times of both metabolites and reference water values. In case of multiple values in Table 1, an averaged mean±SD is shown: the averaged mean was calculated by averaging the means; and the average SD was calculated by averaging their variances and taking the square root. Relaxation times exhibiting a CV of at least 30% are marked with a dagger (†). The AUC is calculated for conventional MRS concentrations (C1), multiparametric MRS concentrations (C2), and multiparametric estimation combining concentrations and relaxation times (C3). The top ten cases with the largest AUC improvements expected with multiparametric MRS (AUCC3 – AUCC1) are shown in bold. Also shown are AUCs for conventional MRS, using per-subject knowledge of B1+ (V1), very long TRs with negligible T1 weighting (V2) and ultrashort TEs with negligible T2 weighting (V3). Cases (V1–V3) exhibit AUCs that lie between those of (C1) and (C2).
| Disorder | Region | Metab. | Concentration (mM) | Field strength | T1 (metabolites) | T2 (metabolites) | T1 (water) | T2 (water) | C1 | C2 | C3 | V1 | V2 | V3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AD | NAWM | NAA | 8.7±1.5 (10.1±1.0) | 1.5 | 1375±503† (1330±227) | 469±262† (272±58) | 656±16 (656±16) | 82±6 (80±7) | 0.71 | 0.78 | 0.86 | 0.71 | 0.78 | 0.7 |
| Cho | 1.6±0.3 (1.8±0.3) | 1190±430† (1215±361)† | 382±91 (341±90) | 0.62 | 0.68 | 0.72 | 0.63 | 0.66 | 0.63 | |||||
| PCG | NAA | 8.8±1.2 (9.9±1.2) | 1.5 | 1110±111 (1150±115) | 456±40 (402±147)† | 1188±69 (1188±69) | 86±9 (86±9) | 0.67 | 0.74 | 0.78 | 0.67 | 0.68 | 0.72 | |
| 3.0 | 1470±110 (1470±110) | 254±36 (235±24) | 1356±174 (1356±174) | 61±11 (64±29)† | 0.64 | 0.74 | 0.78 | 0.64 | 0.65 | 0.7 | ||||
| Cr | 6.3±0.8 (6.9±0.8) | 1.5 | 1330±133 (1120±112) | 201±28 (186±42) | 1188±69 (1188±69) | 86±9 (86±9) | 0.64 | 0.7 | 0.91 | 0.64 | 0.67 | 0.67 | ||
| 3.0 | 1395±144 (1395±144) | 151±21 (141±16) | 1356±174 (1356±174) | 61±11 (64±29)† | 0.62 | 0.7 | 0.74 | 0.61 | 0.61 | 0.65 | ||||
| ALS | Primary motor cortex | NAA | 10.6±1.0 (11.9±0.8) | 1.5 | 1420±142 (1460±146) | 315±31 (317±32) | 1188±69 (1188±69) | 78±8 (78±8) | 0.75 | 0.84 | 0.85 | 0.76 | 0.79 | 0.78 |
| Cho | 1.3±0.2 (1.1±0.1) | 1230±123 (1440±144) | 297±23 (307±21) | 0.76 | 0.81 | 0.93 | 0.77 | 0.79 | 0.78 | |||||
| Cr | 6.8±0.8 (7.4±0.8) | 1280±128 (1250±125) | 210±21 (206±17) | 0.66 | 0.7 | 0.72 | 0.66 | 0.67 | 0.68 | |||||
| HIV | NAWM | NAA | 9.6±0.3 (10.5±0.1) | 1.5 | 2264±1206† (1734±1052)† | 414±129† (292±118)† | 896±62 (869±43) | 75±6 (71±5) | 0.55 | 1 | 1 | 0.53 | 0.76 | 0.55 |
| Cho | 1.9±0.8 (1.6±0.1) | 1477±404 (1597±952)† | 405±254† (334±195)† | 0.58 | 0.65 | 0.67 | 0.57 | 0.63 | 0.58 | |||||
| Cr | 7.7±2.1 (6.4±1.8) | 1647±647† (2184±424) | 331±157† (307±122)† | 0.63 | 0.68 | 0.8 | 0.64 | 0.66 | 0.64 | |||||
| MCI | PCG | NAA | 9.0±1.5 (9.8±1.0) | 3.0 | 1470±110 (1470±110) | 254±34 (235±24) | 1356±174 (1356±174) | 63±10 (64±29)† | 0.62 | 0.67 | 0.74 | 0.61 | 0.62 | 0.65 |
| MS | NAWM | NAA | 8.4±0.9 (9.0±0.8) | 1.5 | 1269±186 (1269±186) | 434±43 (441±44) | 707±58 (673±57) | 84±9 (79±7) | 0.64 | 0.69 | 0.7 | 0.63 | 0.66 | 0.64 |
| 3.0 | 1680±100 (1860±200) | 272±42 (307±41) | 963±182 (862±103) | 84±7 (81±5) | 0.64 | 0.69 | 0.87 | 0.64 | 0.67 | 0.64 | ||||
| Cho | 1.6±0.1 (1.4±0.1) | 1.5 | 1204±192 (1204±192) | 355±36 (296±30) | 707±58 (673±57) | 84±9 (79±7) | 0.78 | 0.92 | 0.97 | 0.78 | 0.87 | 0.8 | ||
| 3.0 | 1140±100 (1320±200) | 209±39 (219±25) | 963±182 (862±103) | 84±7 (81±5) | 0.76 | 0.92 | 0.95 | 0.77 | 0.86 | 0.79 | ||||
| Cr | 5.3±0.5 (4.8±0.5) | 1.5 | 1251±130 (1251±130) | 237±24 (244±24) | 707±58 (673±57) | 84±9 (79±7) | 0.7 | 0.76 | 0.77 | 0.71 | 0.72 | 0.72 | ||
| 3.0 | 1590±200 (1740±100) | 160±26 (164±16) | 963±182 (862±103) | 84±7 (81±5) | 0.68 | 0.76 | 0.84 | 0.68 | 0.73 | 0.7 | ||||
| NAGM (cortex) | NAA | 8.0±0.7 (8.9±1.0) | 3.0 | 1470±110 (1470±110) | 243±50 (274±18) | 1406±42 (1390±48) | 105±6 (100±4) | 0.74 | 0.77 | 0.83 | 0.75 | 0.77 | 0.74 | |
| Cho | 1.0±0.1 (1.2±0.1) | 1275±182 (1275±182) | 228±54 (289±46) | 0.85 | 0.92 | 0.95 | 0.85 | 0.9 | 0.85 | |||||
| Thala-mus | NAA | 8.9±1.7 (10.2±1.2) | 1570±80 (1570±80) | 237±31 (280±39) | 1121±64 (1118±53) | 61±1 (56±1) | 0.72 | 0.73 | 0.86 | 0.72 | 0.72 | 0.72 | ||
| Lesions | NAA | 8.5±1.7 (10.4±1.2) | 1.5 | 969±250 (1124±233) | 411±41 (441±44) | 1000±67 (708±48) | 112±23 (74±12) | 0.75 | 0.82 | 0.87 | 0.75 | 0.78 | 0.77 | |
| 3.0 | 1455±194 (1455±194) | 285±61 (346±35) | 1314±156 (878±32) | 80±3 (80±3) | 0.79 | 0.82 | 0.9 | 0.79 | 0.82 | 0.78 | ||||
| Cho | 1.5±0.2 (1.3±0.2) | 1.5 | 896±276† (1103±193) | 394±39 (296±30) | 1000±67 (708±48) | 112±23 (74±12) | 0.68 | 0.76 | 0.99 | 0.68 | 0.72 | 0.7 | ||
| 3.0 | 1145±132 (1145±132) | 203±38 (239±23) | 1314±156 (878±32) | 80±3 (80±3) | 0.71 | 0.76 | 0.86 | 0.72 | 0.74 | 0.73 | ||||
| Schizo-phrenia | NAWM |
NAA | 7.8±0.9 (8.9±0.8) | 1.5 | 1269±186 (1269±186) | 317±20 (309±18) | 684±78 (658±37) | 72±8 (67±6) | 0.73 | 0.82 | 0.83 | 0.73 | 0.78 | 0.75 |
| 3.0 | 1455±194 (1455±194) | 254±28 (275±26) | 832±44 (832±44) | 67±4 (65±3) | 0.75 | 0.82 | 0.86 | 0.75 | 0.8 | 0.75 | ||||
| CG | NAA | 10.5±2.1 (11.6±1.6) | 4.0 | 1267±141 (1267±141) | 222±39 (240±43) | 1724±51 (1724±51) | 63±6 (63±6) | 0.64 | 0.66 | 0.7 | 0.64 | 0.65 | 0.65 | |
| Tumors | Glioma | NAA | 4.7±3.4 (10.4±2.1) | 1.5 | 1060±230 (1440±140) | 193±89† (358±108)† | 1188±69 (1188±69) | 155±24 (88±12) | 0.91 | 0.92 | 0.99 | 0.91 | 0.92 | 0.91 |
| 3.0 | 1355±313 (1453±95) | 240±49 (270±45) | 1331±57 (1331±57) | 145±30 (81±6) | 0.9 | 0.92 | 0.94 | 0.9 | 0.92 | 0.91 | ||||
| Cho | 2.7±1.1 (1.5±0.3) | 1.5 | 1140±210 (1240±140) | 318±87 (318±113)† | 1188±69 (1188±69) | 155±24 (88±12) | 0.84 | 0.85 | 0.87 | 0.84 | 0.85 | 0.85 | ||
| 3.0 | 1080±205 (1135±89) | 245±44 (205±20) | 1331±57 (1331±57) | 145±30 (81±6) | 0.84 | 0.85 | 0.91 | 0.85 | 0.85 | 0.84 | ||||
| Cr | 5.2±1.6 (7.2±1.3) | 1.5 | 1450±320 (1580±150) | 213±55 (213±43) | 1188±69 (1188±69) | 155±24 (88±12) | 0.8 | 0.83 | 0.85 | 0.8 | 0.82 | 0.8 | ||
| 3.0 | 1605±255 (1535±110) | 158±15 (144±16) | 1331±57 (1331±57) | 145±30 (81±6) | 0.79 | 0.83 | 0.88 | 0.8 | 0.81 | 0.81 | ||||
| Menin-gioma | Cho | 1.9±0.7 (1.3±0.5) | 1.5 | 1270±282 (1270±282) | 707±735† (348±159)† | 1188±69 (1188±69) | 102±14 (98±12) | 0.73 | 0.76 | 0.8 | 0.74 | 0.74 | 0.75 | |
| Cr | 3.1±1.5 (7.4±1.9) | 1265±141 (1265±141) | 215±128† (211±58) | 0.95 | 0.96 | 0.96 | 0.95 | 0.96 | 0.96 |