Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Adolesc Health. 2019 Jul 17;65(5):613–620. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2019.05.006

Table 3.

Estimates of association of baseline roles of cyberbullying involvement (vs. noninvolved) and 2 roles (vs. witness-only) with substance use at follow-up (OR/CIs)

Baseline cyberbullying roles
Witness Only vs. Noninvolved Witness and Victim vs. Noninvolved Witness and Perpetrator vs. Noninvolved Witness, Victim, and Perpetrator vs. Noninvolved Witness and Victim vs. witness-only Witness and Perpetrator vs. witness-only
Follow-up past-6-month substance use
 Alcohol 1.44 (1.18, 1.76) 1.91 (1.37, 2.36) 2.29 (1.42, 3.98) 2.11 (1.51, 2.93) 1.19 (1.14, 3.20) 1.91 (1.14, 3.20)
 Cigarettes 1.82 (1.27, 2.61) 2.92 (1.89, 4.52) 2.19 (0.97, 4.97) 3.44 (2.15, 5.51) 1.70 (1.08, 2.65) 1.61 (0.70, 3.69)
 Hookah 1.33 (0.94, 1.90) 1.74 (1.10, 2.75) 1.09 (0.47, 2.57) 2.66 (1.66, 4.28) 1.50 (0.93, 2.41) 1.22 (0.47, 3.16)
 Cigars 1.66 (1.00, 2.75) 3.33 (1.88, 5.91) 1.66 (0.55, 4.99) 3.92 (2.13, 7.20) 2.07 (1.14, 3.75) 1.27 (0.37, 4.31)
 E-cigarettes 2.05 (1.49, 2.83) 2.85 (1.90, 4.28) 2.97 (1.51, 5.80) 3.45 (2.24, 5.31) 1.52 (1.03, 2.24) 1.73 (0.87, 3.44)
 Marijuana (combustible) 2.02 (1.57, 2.58) 2.54 (1.81, 3.55) 2.49 (1.39, 4.45) 2.03 (1.37, 3.00) 1.23 (0.89, 1.70) 1.54 (0.87, 2.72)
 Marijuana (edible) 2.01 (1.53, 2.64) 1.97 (1.35, 2.87) 3.23 (1.79, 5.81) 3.11 (2.08, 4.65) 1.12 (0.76, 1.65) 2.13 (1.16, 3.88)
 Prescription stimulants 1.60 (0.90, 2.83) 1.92 (0.92, 4.01) 1.40 (0.37, 5.20) 5.24 (2.73, 10.05) 1.65 (0.83, 3.28) 1.18 (0.27, 5.14)
 Prescription painkillers 2.04 (1.31, 3.18) 1.75 (0.97, 3.17) 2.78 (1.10, 7.07) 4.21 (2.37, 7.47) 1.08 (0.60, 1.91) 2.01 (0.82, 4.92)
 Polysubstance use
  2 (vs. 1) substances 2.04 (1.40, 2.99) 2.77 (1.67, 4.58) 1.48 (0.52, 4.20) 1.86 (0.96, 3.57) 1.25 (0.80, 1.96) 1.02 (0.38, 2.71)
  ≥ 3 (vs. 1) substances 1.39 (1.03, 1.88) 1.99 (1.31, 3.03) 2.60 (1.30, 5.19) 2.74 (1.72, 4.36) 1.49 (1.04, 2.14) 2.24 (1.21, 4.14)

Note. Logistic regressions adjusted for sociodemographic factors and baseline past-6-month use status of respective substance use outcome. Reference group for polysubstance use was use of 1 substance. Bold indicates statistical significance following application of the Benjamini-Hochberg adjustment for multiple comparisons to control study-wise false discovery rate at .05.; Outcomes (past-6-month substance use) are presented in the first column, and predictors (cyberbullying roles) are presented in the first row.