Figure 1: Physiological overview of triglyceride metabolism.
The major scaffolding protein apoB is a defining component of lipoprotein particles released from the intestines and liver. Chylomicrons are lipoproteins that are synthesized from the intestine and transport dietary lipids. VLDL are synthesized from the liver and transports endogenous lipids. Both VLDL and chylomicrons contain apoB, and TGs from these lipoproteins are hydrolyzed in the circulation by LPL. HL hydrolyzes TGs from IDL. Remnant lipoproteins are taken up by LDLR.