Table 2.

Medical potential risk factors estimated by bivariate logistic regression for the carriage of S. pneumonia in children under five years old with acute respiratory infection

Characteristic		Number of children	Carriage of S. pneumoniae(%)	OR	95% CI	p
Co-carriage with another bacteria	Yes	133	60.9	1
	No	504	33.9	2.99	2.01 – 4.44	< 10-4
Co-carriage with a virus	Yes	488	46.7	1
	No	149	16.1	4.54	2.83 – 7.28	< 10-4
Co-carriage with another bacteria and virus	yes	125	62.4	1
	No	512	34.0	3.18	2.11 – 4.77	< 10-4
Vaccination against pneumococci	Yes	54	42.5	1
	No	583	39.2	1.14	0.65 – 2.01	NS
Vaccinated with PCV-13	Yes	16	43.7	1
	No	621	39.4	1.19	0.43 – 3.24	NS
Vaccinated with PPSV-23	Yes	40	42.5	1
	No	597	39.3	1.13	0.59 – 2.17	NS
Prior antibiotic treatment	Yes	135	36.3	1
	No	301	42.2	0.78	0.51 – 1.18	NS
Breast feeding duration	≤ 6 months	169	45,0	1
	6 - 12 months	97	43,3	0.93	0.56 - 1.54	NS
	> 12 months	114	43,0	0.92	0.57 - 1.49	NS
Procalcitonin level (bacterial infection)	≤ 0.1 μg/L	129	43.4	1
	0.1 – 2 μg/L	286	37.4	0.77	0.51 – 1.18	NS
	> 2 μg/L	160	39.9	0.88	0.52 – 1.35	NS

Abbreviation: OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; NS, not significant