Table 3.
Results of meta-analytic moderator analyses for workload, job control (combined) and job control (decision authority)
| Workload | Job control-combined | Job control-decision authority | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| k | OR | LL | UL | I 2 | z-Test | k | OR | LL | UL | I 2 | z-Test | k | OR | LL | UL | I 2 | z-Test | |
| Study Design | ||||||||||||||||||
| Cross-sectional | 7 | 1.38 | 1.22 | 1.56 | 0.0 | p = .332 | 6 | 0.88 | 0.70 | 1.10 | 36.1 | p = .385 | 4 | 0.80 | 0.63 | 1.01 | 52.1 | p = .164 |
| Prospective | 7 | 1.25 | 1.07 | 1.45 | 2.4 | 7 | 0.77 | 0.63 | 0.93 | 77.2 | 4 | 0.63 | 0.49 | 0.80 | 68.1 | |||
| Occupation | ||||||||||||||||||
| Blue | 3 | 1.63 | 1.16 | 2.28 | 0.0 | p = .441 | 3 | 0.84 | 0.58 | 1.21 | 0.0 | p = .832 | 1 | 0.72 | 0.44 | 1.19 | 0.0 | p = .343 |
| Mixed | 6 | 1.28 | 1.12 | 1.47 | 19.9 | 5 | 0.77 | 0.61 | 0.97 | 84.7 | 3 | 0.60 | 0.45 | 0.81 | 74.2 | |||
| Pink | 5 | 1.32 | 1.13 | 1.54 | 19.0 | 5 | 0.85 | 0.66 | 1.11 | 46.9 | 4 | 0.80 | 0.63 | 1.02 | 52.1 | |||
| Study Quality | ||||||||||||||||||
| High | – | p = .675 | – | p = .548 | – | p = .265 | ||||||||||||
| Medium | 11 | 1.30 | 1.15 | 1.48 | 6.3 | 11 | 0.82 | 0.70 | 0.97 | 69.9 | 7 | 0.74 | 0.61 | 0.91 | 74.1 | |||
| Low | 3 | 1.37 | 1.14 | 1.64 | 7.9 | 2 | 0.72 | 0.47 | 1.10 | 79.2 | 1 | 0.51 | 0.28 | 0.95 | 0.0 | |||
| Country | ||||||||||||||||||
| Asia | 2 | 1.38 | 1.04 | 1.83 | 0.0 | p = .946 | 2 | 0.89 | 0.70 | 1.14 | 0.0 | p < .001 | 1 | 0.81 | 0.63 | 1.04 | 0.0 | p = .003 |
| Australia/NZ | 1 | 1.20 | 0.78 | 1.84 | 0.0 | – | – | |||||||||||
| Europe | 9 | 1.31 | 1.11 | 1.54 | 17.1 | 9 | 0.88 | 0.80 | 0.96 | 7.4 | 5 | 0.80 | 0.67 | 0.95 | 39.8 | |||
| Northern America | 2 | 1.37 | 1.02 | 1.86 | 51.5 | 2 | 0.49 | 0.41 | 0.60 | 0.0 | 2 | 0.47 | 0.36 | 0.62 | 0.0 | |||
| Exposure (months) | 7 | PE = .004, SE = .011 | p = .724 | 7 | PE = .001, SE = .002 | p = .346 | 4 | PE = −.004, SE = .013 | p = .766 | |||||||||
| Year of Publication | 14 | PE = −.012, SE = .015 | p = .419 | 13 | PE = −.035, SE = .017 | p = .039 | 8 | PE = −.056, SE = .023 | p = .014 | |||||||||
| Sample Size | 14 | PE < .001, SE < .001 | p = .335 | 13 | PE < .001, SE < .001 | p = .980 | 8 | PE < −.001, SE < .001 | p = .503 | |||||||||
| Mean Age | 14 | PE = −.004, SE = .014 | p = .798 | 13 | PE = −.029, SE = .013 | p = .028 | 8 | PE = −.023, SE = .016 | p = .149 | |||||||||
| Females (%) | 14 | PE = −.001, SE = .001 | p = .645 | 13 | PE = .002, SE = .002 | p = .364 | 8 | PE = .003, SE = .002 | p = .111 | |||||||||
k Number of included studies, OR Mean sample size-weighted (pooled) odds ratio, LL Lower limit of 95% confidence interval (CI), UL Upper limit of 95% CI, I2 Index of heterogeneity I2 (in percent), PE Point estimate of predictor from meta-regression (and corresponding standard error SE)