Table 6.
Explaining dosage delivered of Refer (all or the majority of smokers motivated to quit): Logistic regression analyses, N = 868
| Predictor variables | Odds ratio (95% confidence interval) | |
|---|---|---|
| Univariate | Multivariate | |
| Participant characteristics | ||
| Age | 1.00 (0.99;1.02) | |
| Gender (male) | 0.71 (0.54;0.93)* | 0.50 (0.35;0.71)*** |
| Profession | ||
| GP (ref.) | 1 | 1 |
| Addiction specialist | 0.37 (0.19;0.74)** | 0.23 (0.09;0.61)** |
| Anaesthesiologist | 0.10 (0.04;0.21)*** | 0.24 (0.09;0.65)** |
| Cardiologist | 0.56 (0.29;1.06) | 1.08 (0.47;2.48) |
| Internist | 0.45 (0.25;0.81)** | 0.94 (0.42;2.14) |
| Neurologist | 0.39 (0.21;0.72)** | 0.86 (0.37;2.01) |
| Paediatrician | 0.62 (0.30;1.30) | 0.86 (0.37;2.02) |
| Pulmonologist | 3.00 (1.60;5.63)** | 4.35 (2.04;9.25)*** |
| Other | 0.26 (0.13;0.53)*** | 0.49 (0.20;1.19) |
| Surgeon | 0.53 (0.29;0.94)* | 1.52 (0.67;3.44) |
| Youth specialist | 0.15 (0.07;0.32)*** | 0.22 (0.09;0.57)** |
| Dental hygienist | 0.20 (0.10;0.28)*** | 0.41 (0.17;1.01) |
| Dentist | 0.30 (0.12;0.71)** | 0.88 (0.30;2.61) |
| Midwife | 1.17 (0.63;2.17) | 1.08 (0.44;2.63) |
| Years worked | 1.00 (0.99;1.01) | |
| SCC training | 2.15 (1.59;2.92)*** | 1.61 (1.02;2.56)* |
| Smoking status | ||
| Never (ref.) | 1 | |
| Ex-smoker | 0.99 (0.73;1.33) | |
| Current | 0.60 (0.32;1.13) | |
| Psychosocial factors | ||
| Attitude | 1.23 (1.05;1.43)* | 1.09 (0.86;1.39) |
| Intention | 1.38 (1.18;1.62)*** | 1.07 (0.84;1.38) |
| Knowledge | 1.29 (1.14;1.46)*** | 1.03 (0.85;1.24) |
| Skills | 1.21 (1.05;1.39)* | 0.90 (0.73;1.11) |
| Social support | 1.44 (1.24;1.67)*** | 1.35 (1.11;1.65)** |
| Role identity | 1.32 (1.15;1.50)*** | 1.00 (0.82;1.21) |
| Outcome expectations | 1.12 (0.95;1.33) | |
| Lack of traininga | 0.80 (0.71;0.90)*** | 1.06 (0.88;1.26) |
| Guideline factors | ||
| Agreement content | 1.37 (1.10;1.71)** | 0.89 (0.63;1.25) |
| Guideline presence | 2.43 (1.81;3.28)*** | 1.29 (0.78;2.14) |
| Guideline familiarity | ||
| Unfamiliar (ref.) | 1 | 1 |
| Heard of | 2.47 (1.78;3.42)*** | 1.81 (1.22;2.69)** |
| Read | 3.44 (2.46;4.82)*** | 1.38 (0.77;2.50) |
| Lack of guideline adaptabilitya | 0.79 (0.67;0.92)** | 1.00 (0.80;1.27) |
| Guideline complexitya | 0.83 (0.70;0.98)* | 1.00 (0.77;1.30 |
| Environmental factors | ||
| Collaboration primary care | 3.23 (2.34;4.46)*** | 1.92 (1.31;2.83)** |
| Collaboration secondary care | 2.86 (1.91;4.27)*** | 1.35 (0.83;2.18) |
| Financial budget | 1.94 (1.42;2.64)*** | 1.86 (1.26;2.76)** |
| Lack of patient reimbursementa | 0.99 (0.88;1.12) | |
| Lack of professional rewardsa | 1.00 (0.90;1.12) | |
| Lack of timea | 0.94 (0.83;1.07) | |
| Task interferencea | 0.84 (0.74;0.95)** | |
| Lack of materialsa | 0.86 (0.75;0.98)* | 1.12 (0.93;1.34) |
| Lack of referral possibilitiesa | 0.85 (0.74;0.97)* | 0.85 (0.71;1.02) |
| Patient barriers | ||
| Smoking sensitive subjecta | 0.96 (0.85;1.08) | |
| Negative towards smoking cessation carea | 0.94 (0.81;1.07) | |
| Unmotivated to quita | 0.86 (0.75;0.99)* | 0.96 (0.80;1.16) |
| Dishonest about smokinga | 0.94 (0.81;1.09) | |
| Impact patient-provider relationshipa | 0.84 (0.72;0.99)* | 0.91 (0.74;1.13) |
GP general practitioner; ‘Other’ profession includes ophthalmologists, SCC smoking cessation care; abarriers to guideline implementation and provision of smoking cessation care
Multivariate model Cox & Snell R2 = 0.24, Nagelkerke R2 = 0.32, Model χ2(35) = 234.45, p < .001
* p < .05, ** p < .01, *** p < .001