. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Aug 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Subst Abuse Treat. 2019 May 7;103:23–32. doi: 10.1016/j.jsat.2019.05.007

Table 5.

Logistic regression estimates on outcomes of SUD treatment initiation, engagement (30 days), and retention (6 months) in any location.

Characteristic	SUD Treatment Outcome

	Initiation	Engagement (30 days)	Retention (6 months)

	Adjusted Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval)

HIV infection (ref. uninfected)	1.05 (1.00-1.10)	.99 (.93-1.05)	1.10 (1.04-1.16)

Age	.969 (.966-.971)	.965 (.962-.968)	.967 (.965-.970)

Female (ref. male)	.86 (.73-1.02)	.84 (.69-1.02)	.81 (.68-.98)

Race/ethnicity (ref. white)
Black	1.42 (1.35-1.50)	1.56 (1.46-1.65)	1.58 (1.49-1.67)
Hispanic	.95 (.86-1.04)	.85 (.75-.96)	1.02 (.92-1.13)
Other	.80 (.66-.96)	.82 (.65-1.04)	.68 (.54-.86)

Rural residence (ref. urban residence)
Rural 1	.75 (.69-.82)	.72 (.65-.80)	.68 (.62-.75)
Unknown	.79 (.75-.83)	.80 (.75-.85)	.74 (.70-.79)

Hepatitis C infected (ref. uninfected)	1.58 (1.50-1.65)	1.62 (1.53-1.72)	1.84 (1.75-1.94)

Psychiatric comorbidity (ref. no psych. comorbidity)	.97 (.92-1.01)	.89 (.84-.95)	1.15 (1.09-1.21)

Note. Bolded data cells indicate p-value < .05