Overexpression of hepatic USP14 causes hyperglycemia and promotes gluconeogenesis. (A) USP14 protein levels in C57BL/6 mice infected with Ad-GFP, Ad-CI USP14, and Ad-WT USP14. (B) Blood glucose levels in the above groups on days 4 and 6 after adenoviral infection. (C and D) Glucose and pyruvate tolerance in the above groups. AUC, area under the curve. (E) Relative mRNA levels of gluconeogenic genes in the above groups. PEPCK, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase. (F) Glucose levels in MPHs transfected with Ad-GFP, Ad-CI USP14, or Ad-WT USP14. (G) Relative mRNA levels of gluconeogenic genes in the above groups (n = 6 per group). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.