Table 1.
Association between mechanoreceptors recognized in bone cells to feel fluid flow (“Mechanoreceptor for FSS”) and pathways they are known to activate in response to fluid flow (“Downstream pathway induced by FSS”). “Reference pathway” indicates the name of the paragraph of the manuscript where a description is provided. FSS, fluid shear stress
| Mechanoreceptor for FSS | Downstream pathway induced by FSS | Reference pathway |
|---|---|---|
| Integrins and focal adhesions | COX-2 and PGE2 signaling | G Protein–mediated signaling |
| Integrins and focal adhesions | Release of prostaglandin | G Protein–mediated signaling |
| Integrins and focal adhesions | FAK pathways | FAK signaling |
| Integrins and focal adhesions | ERK1/2 pathways | MAPK signaling |
| Cadherins and catenin complexes | Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway | Wnt/β-catenin signaling |
| Connexins | Release of prostaglandin | G Protein–mediated signaling |
| Connexins | Intracellular Ca2+ oscillations | Calcium signaling |
| Connexins | ERK1/2 MAP kinase | MAPK signaling |
| Cytoskeleton | RhoA/ROCK pathway | G Protein–mediated signaling |
| Mechanosensitive ion channels | Ca2+ signal pathways | Calcium signaling |
| Glycocalyx | PGE2 pathway | G Protein–mediated signaling |
| Lipid rafts and caveolae | ERK1/2 and c-fos expression | MAPK signaling |
| Primary cilia | increase of COX2 | FAK signaling |
| Primary cilia | PGE2 signaling | G Protein–mediated signaling |