Table 2.
Comparison of clinical parameters between parturients with spontaneous and ART conception stratified based on treatment modalities
| Variables | SC (n = 136) | ART (n = 100) | OR3 (CI 5%) c | P-value | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MNT (n = 102) | MNI-IT (n = 34) | OR1 (CI 95%) a | P-value | MNT (n = 60) | MNT-IT (n = 40) | OR2 (CI 95%) b | P-value | |||
| Maternal age (Years, Mean ± SE) | 30.64 ± 0.53 | 34.38 ± 0.73 | 1.17 (1.07–1.28) | 0.001* | 32.05 ± 0.77 | 32.65 ± 0.62 | 1.02 (0.95–1.10) | 0.576 | 1.94 (1.10–3.41) | 0.023* |
| Maternal age ≥ 35 years,n (%) | 26 (25.5) | 16 (47.0) | 2.6 (1.16–5.82) | 0.018* | 19 (31.7) | 15 (37.5) | 1.29 (0.55–2.99) | 0.546 | 1.87 (1.05–3.33) | 0.032* |
| Parity (n = 0), n (%) | 46 (45.1) | 10 (29.4) | 11.97 (0.86–4.54) | 0.108 | 50 (83.3) | 37 (92.5) | 0.41 (0.10–1.58) | 0.182 | 0.84 (0.47–1.47) | 0.535 |
| Family history of DM (Yes, n %) | 35 (34.3) | 17 (50.0) | 1.91 (0.87–4.20) | 0.103 | 20 (33.3) | 22 (55.0) | 2.44 (1.07–5.56) | 0.033* | 2.17(1.24–3.79) | 0.007* |
| Systolic blood pressure (Mean ± SE) | 106.37 ± 1.01 | 109.11 ± 0.72 | 1.03 (0.99–1.07) | 0.176 | 107.25 ± 1.17 | 106.0 ± 1.82 | 0.99 (0.95–1.03) | 0.542 | 1.01 (0.98–1.03) | 0.424 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (Mean ± SE) | 68.22 ± 0.83 | 69.71 ± 1.42 | 1.02 (0.97–1.07) | 0.367 | 66.83 ± 0.98 | 67.0 ± 1.25 | 1.00 (0.96–1.06) | 0.915 | 1.0 (0.97–1.04) | 0.574 |
| Pre-pregnancy BMI (Mean ± SE) | 25.44 ± 0.49 | 27.31 ± 0.81 | 1.08 (1.00–1.17) | 0.059 | 27.22 ± 0.46 | 27.52 ± 0.76 | 1.01 (0.95–1.12) | 0.726 | 1.94 (1.09–3.45) | 0.022* |
| Pre-pregnancy BMI ≥25 (kg/m2), n (%) | 49(49.1) | 23 (71.9) | 2.65 (1.12–6.31) | 0.024* | 43 (71.7) | 29 (72.5) | 1.04 (0.43–2.55) | 0.928 | 1.92 (1.05–3.51) | 0.034* |
| History of spontaneous abortion, n (%) | 26 (26.0) | 13 (38.2) | 1.76 (0.77–4.02) | 0.175 | 16 (26.7) | 16 (40) | 1.83 (0.78–4.30) | 0.161 | 1.90 (1.12–3.23) | 0.018* |
| History of GDM, (Yes, n %) | 8 (7.8) | 10 (29.4) | 4.90 (1.74–13.74) | 0.001* | 1 (1.7) | 0 (0) | – | 1 | 2.66 (1.03–6.84) | 0.043* |
| History of macrosomia, (Yes, n %) | 4 (3.9) | 2 (5.8) | 1.53 (0.27–8.76) | 0.630 | 1 (1.7) | 0 (0) | 0.87 (0.16–4.60) | 0.872 | 0.66 (0.13–3.35) | 0.619 |
CI Confidence Interval, GDM gestational diabetes mellitus, SC Spontaneous Conception, ART Assisted Reproductive Technology, MNT Medical Nutrition Therapy, MNT-IT Medical Nutrition Therapy plus Insulin Therapy
*P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant
a OR1; Fitting GDM treatment modality as the outcome of the univariate regression models. The reference group was the MNT subgroup compared to the MNT-IT in SC group
b OR2; Fitting GDM treatment modality as the outcome of the univariate regression models; The reference group was the MNT subgroup compared to the MNT-IT in ART group
c OR3; Fitting GDM treatment modality as the outcome of the univariate regression models; The reference group was the MNT subgroup compared to the MNT-IT in the total population