Table 2.

Primary and Secondary Outcomes

Domain	Outcome	Definition
Delirium	Incident delirium (Primary Outcome)	Any CAM (+) assessment
	Delirium severity	Maximum DRS-R-98 score
	Number of days of delirium	Number of CAM (+) days
Cognition	Change in MMSE/TICS	Change in score. Item response theory will be used to compare similar or exact items if TICS> 50% of responses.
	Change in other individual test scores	Verbal Fluency (all trials combined, sum of scores), TMT-A (time), TMB-B - TMT-A (time), DSF (longest span correct), DSB (longest span correct)
Function	Any decline in IADL score	Any decline in IADL score from baseline to 3- and 12-month follow-up
Disability	Change in ODI score	Change in ODI score (%) from baseline to 3- and 12-month follow-up
Health-Related Quality of Life	Change in SF-12 PCS	Change in PCS score from baseline to 3- and 12-month follow-up
	Change in SF-12 MCS	Change in MCS score from baseline to 3- and 12-month follow-up
Health Care Utilization	Readmissions	% Readmissions
	Emergency department visits	% Emergency department visits
	Duration of hospitalization	Number of days in hospital after surgery
Pain	PACU pain	Last pain score in PACU.
		Total morphine equivalents
		Time to first opoid
	Hospital pain	Last pre-discharge pain score.
		Total morphine equivalents, pro-rated for 72 h in hospital
	Post-discharge pain	Average pain score at 3- and 12-month follow-up

Abbreviations: CAM Confusion Assessment Method, DRS-R-98 Delirium Rating Scale-Revised 1998, MMSE Mini-Mental State Examination, TMT Trail Making Test, DSF Digit Span Forward, DSB Digit Span Backwards, IADL Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, ODI Oswestry Disability Index, SF-12 12-Item Short Form Health Survey, PCS physical component summary, MCS mental component summary, PACU postoperative anesthesia care unit