Table 1.
Characteristics of the included studies and overview of corticosteroid injection related to IA and SA injection for adhesive capsulitis.
| Study | Study design | Patients analysed (n) | Corticosteroid mixture | Duration of symptoms | Follow-up |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sun et al. [21] | RCT | Total = 50 IA (24)/SA (26) |
A single injection: 1 mL of 40 mg/mL triamcinolone +2 mL 2% lidocaine | IA (15.2 ± 5.0) vs. SA (15.1 ± 4.8) weeks | 0 (baseline), 4, 8, and 12 weeks after injection |
|
| |||||
| Goyal et al. [20] | Quasi-RCT | Total = 70 IA (35)/SA (35) |
40 mg of methylprednisolone acetate | IA (15.6 ± 4.9) vs. SA (14.2 ± 4.4) weeks | Before injection, 3, 6 and 12 weeks and 6 months |
|
| |||||
| Khallaf et al. [22] | RCT | Total = 40 IA (20)/SA (20) |
A single injection: 1 ml 40 mg methylprednisolone acetate +1 mL 2% lidocaine | Unclear | Before injection, 12 weeks after injection |
|
| |||||
| Cho et al. [2] | RCT | Total = 73 IA (36)/SA (37) |
A single injection: 1 ml 40 mg triamcinolone acetonide +4 mL 1% lidocaine | IA (21.2 ± 14.6) vs. SA (17.4 ± 14.0) weeks | Before injection, 3, 6 and 12 weeks after injection |
|
| |||||
| Yoon et al. [19] | RCT | Total = 58 IA (29)/SA (29) |
A single injection: 1 ml 40 mg triamcinolone acetonide +4 mL 2% lidocaine +5 mL normal saline | IA (9 ± 6) vs. SA (9 ± 5) months | Before treatment and 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months |
|
| |||||
| Ghorai et al. [18] | RCT | Total = 51 IA (25)/SA (26) |
A single injection: 1 ml 40 mg depotmethyl prednisolone +1 mL 2% lignocaine | Unclear | Before injection, 3, 6 weeks after injection |
|
| |||||
| Shin and Lee [17] | RCT | Total = 83 IA (42)/SA (41) |
A single injection: 1 ml 40 mg triamcinolone acetonide +4 mL 2% lidocaine | IA (7.4 ± 3.4) vs. SA (7.7 ± 3.3) months | Before treatment and at 2, 4, 8, 16, and 24 weeks |
|
| |||||
| Oh et al. [16] | RCT | Total = 58 IA (31)/SA (27) |
A single injection: 1 ml 40 mg triamcinolone +4 mL 2% lidocaine +4 mL saline | IA (6.2 ± 3.6) vs. SA (6.9 ± 3.4) months | Preinjection and 3, 6, and 12 weeks after injection |
|
| |||||
| Rizk et al. [15] | RCT | Total = 29 IA (15)/SA (14) |
Three injections in the same location at intervals of one week: 1 mL 40 mg/mL methylprednisolone +2 mL of 1% lidocaine | Mean 13.2 (range 8–18) weeks | Weekly for 11 weeks and 15 weeks and six months |