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. 2019 Sep 21;9(23):7072–7087. doi: 10.7150/thno.35803

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The human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) tube-like formation assay. (A) The microscopic images of HUVECs tubular structure formation after 8 h of incubation in culture media under control, w/HGF, w/VEGF, and w/VEGF+HGF conditions. (B) The original images were analyzed by Angiogenesis Analyzer for ImageJ (NIH), and the quantified result of total vessels length, total meshes area, total branches intervals were calculated (all the values were normalized with the analyzed area). The results indicated VEGF and HGF synergistically enhanced the differentiation of HUVECs into tube-like structures. * indicates p < 0.05, ** indicates p < 0.01, and *** indicates p < 0.001. Error bars show ± S.D. for total n = 8.