. 2019 Oct;10(5):315–324. doi: 10.24171/j.phrp.2019.10.5.08

Table 4.

Association between psychiatric distress with body weight misperception pattern according to gender: The CASPIAN-V study.

Boys		Worthless	Worried	Aggression	Insomnia	Anxiety	Depression
Weigh misperception pattern		OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)
Underestimate (correct estimate)

BMI	Weight perception
Normal	Under weight	1.17 (0.92–1.48)	1.41 (1.23–1.65)^*	0.97 (0.83–1.12)	1.10 (0.92–1.32)	0.26 (0.15–0.46)^*	1.25 (1.02–1.53)^*
Excess weight	Normal	0.79 (0.56–1.13)	0.96 (0.78–1.18)	0.69 (0.56–0.86)^*	0.82 (0.64–1.06)	0.58 (0.32–1.04)	0.68 (0.49–0.92)^*
Excess weight	Under weight	1.12 (0.75–1.67)	1.32 (1.04–1.96)	0.54 (0.41–0.71)^*	0.89 (0.65–1.21)	0.21 (0.07–0.66)^*	1.26 (0.92–1.71)

Overestimate (correct estimate)

BMI	Weight perception
Normal	Excess weight	2.62 (2.14–3.21)^*	1.55 (1.33–1.80)^*	3.23 (2.77–3.76)^*	2.08 (1.76–2.45)^*	3.17 (2.43–4.13)^*	1.24 (1.02–1.51)^*
Under weight	Normal	0.56 (0.35–0.87)^*	0.91 (0.72–1.14)	0.78 (0.62–0.98)^*	0.81 (0.61–1.08)	0.43 (0.21–0.90)^*	0.70 (0.50–0.92)^*
Under weight	Excess weight	2.64 (1.96–3.55)^*	1.39 (1.09–1.76)^*	2.92 (2.31–3.70)^*	2.36 (1.84–3.02)^*	3.81 (2.66–5.46)^*	1.30 (0.92–1.70)

Girls		Worthless	Worried	Aggression	Insomnia	Anxiety	Depression
Weigh misperception pattern		OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)

Underestimate (correct estimate)

BMI	Weight perception
Normal	Under weight	1.38 (1.10–1.72)^*	1.42 (1.22–1.64)^*	0.90 (0.77–1.05)	1.13 (0.95–1.35)	0.43 (0.28–0.66)^*	1.22 (1.01–1.47)^*
Excess weight	Normal	0.69 (0.46–1.01)	0.75 (0.60–0.94)^*	0.65 (0.52–0.82)^*	0.84 (0.65–1.10)	0.41 (0.20–0.81)^*	0.71 (0.51–0.98)^*
Excess weight	Under weight	1.40 (0.93–2.04)	1.36 (1.04–1.77)^*	0.61 (0.45–0.81)^*	0.88 (0.63–1.22)	0.07 (0.01–0.51)^*	1.08 (0.77–1.53)

Overestimate (correct estimate)

BMI	Weight perception
Normal	Excess weight	2.23 (1.85–2.70)^*	1.29 (1.12–1.49)^*	2.47 (2.14–2.85)^*	1.85 (1.58–2.17)^*	2.87 (2.25–3.66)^*	2.42 (2.04–2.89)^*
Under weight	Normal	0.66 (0.42–1.03)^*	0.77 (0.60–0.99)^*	0.55 (0.42–0.72)^*	0.72 (0.53–0.99)^*	0.58 (0.30–1.12)^*	0.52 (0.35–0.77)^*
Under weight	Excess weight	2.66 (1.90–3.74)^*	1.55 (1.17–2.05)^*	3.29 (2.45–4.41)^*	2.45 (1.90–3.39)^*	3.18 (2.10–4.84)^*	2.65 (1.89–3.72)^*

Model is adjusted for living area, age, socioeconomic status, school performance and self-perceived health.

p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Reference group is represented in the parenthesis.

BMI = body mass index.