Table 5. δ13CCARBOXYL data for amino acids derived from keratin hydrolysates.
| sample | Tibetan (USGS42) a | Indian (USGS43) |
Carter | Fry | CHS | KHS | BWB | HWB | sd b | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| #1 | #2 | #3 | sd | |||||||||
| Ala | -19.0 | -19.0 | -19.4 | 0.3 | -18.1 | -19.0 | -17.3 | -23.2 | -26.0 | -22.6 | -31.8 | 0.2 |
| Arg | -13.3 | -13.4 | -13.5 | 0.1 | -14.4 | -14.1 | -11.9 | -12.8 | -10.2 | -11.7 | -16.0 | 0.5 |
| Asx | -16.3 | -16.3 | -16.5 | 0.1 | -18.2 | -17.2 | -15.4 | -16.2 | -15.2 | -12.9 | -16.9 | 0.2 |
| Cys | -12.4 | -12.8 | -13.4 | 0.5 | -14.2 | -10.6 | -10.1 | -15.7 | -15.2 | -9.7 | -13.5 | 0.6 |
| Glx | -14.3 | -13.6 | -14.0 | 0.4 | -15.2 | -14.4 | -12.0 | -14.1 | -15.2 | -13.8 | -21.2 | 0.3 |
| Gly | -14.2 | -14.5 | -14.3 | 0.1 | -15.4 | -14.2 | -12.9 | -14.4 | -17.2 | -7.1 | -11.2 | 0.3 |
| His | -16.2 | -16.3 | -13.5 | 1.6 | -15.0 | -16.2 | -12.5 | -17.9 | -19.2 | -12.8 | -9.9 | 0.5 |
| Ieu c | -30.3 | -29.3 | -31.9 | 1.3 | -34.8 | -30.4 | -28.2 | -36.0 | -33.9 | -33.4 | -35.3 | 1.2 |
| Lys | -16.5 | -16.5 | -16.5 | 0.0 | -16.8 | -16.7 | -14.5 | -16.8 | -13.6 | -5.7 | -7.6 | 0.1 |
| Phe | -14.2 | -14.8 | -15.3 | 0.5 | -16.2 | -14.8 | -13.5 | -16.1 | -17.2 | -8.7 | -12.9 | 0.6 |
| Pro | -15.4 | -15.8 | -16.4 | 0.5 | -14.4 | -17.1 | -14.7 | -16.8 | -14.9 | -13.4 | -16.9 | 0.7 |
| Ser | -14.2 | -14.4 | -14.3 | 0.1 | -15.3 | -14.2 | -12.8 | -17.7 | -17.3 | -10.3 | -17.0 | 0.3 |
| Thr | -13.3 | -14.0 | -13.8 | 0.3 | -16.4 | -12.7 | -10.4 | -15.8 | -13.7 | -6.4 | -7.3 | 0.3 |
| Tyr | -14.1 | -11.8 | -12.5 | 1.2 | -17.1 | -9.3 | -11.6 | -20.8 | -16.3 | -7.7 | -8.0 | 1.1 |
| Val/Met | -11.5 | -12.5 | -12.7 | 0.7 | -15.3 | -12.5 | -9.9 | -15.9 | -16.6 | -6.2 | -9.3 | 0.3 |
| bulk δ13C c | -21.1 | -21.2 | -20.4 | -19.5 | -22.5 | -22.9 | -18.7 | -25.1 | ||||
| total δ13CCARBOXYL c | -15.1 | -16.2 | -14.8 | -13.2 | -17.0 | -17.0 | -12.2 | -16.6 | ||||
| total δ13CCARBOXYL d | -15.8 | -16.8 | -15.0 | -13.5 | -17.8 | -18.0 | -12.9 | -16.6 | ||||
| ΔCARBOXYL-BULK | 6.0 | 4.4 | 5.6 | 6.3 | 5.5 | 5.9 | 6.6 | 8.5 | ||||
All values are expressed in ‰ versus VPBD normalized to δ13CCARBOXYL USGS40 (glutamic acid) = -30 ‰.
a data and standard deviation for three replicate hydrolysis experiments
b median standard deviation for all samples (n = 3, except for Asp, Cys, Gly, Pro, Ser n = 6)
c measured values (see text for details)
d calculated values (see text for details)