Table 1.
Study Characteristics
| Study | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ARIC (14 274) | CHS (5662) | FHS (597) | FOF (3520) | MESA (6772) | NHANES (7329) | |
| Total of death, N (%) | 4272 (30%) | 4608 (81%) | 430 (72%) | 380 (12%) | 1144 (17%) | 1516 (21%) |
| Follow‐up time (y), mean (SD) | 18.4 (5.2) | 13.1 (6.5) | 9.1 (3.9) | 10.3 (2.1) | 12.4 (2.5) | 9.0 (2.6) |
| Age (y), mean (SD) | 55 (5.9) | 72 (5.5) | 80 (3.9) | 58 (9.6) | 62 (10) | 60 (13) |
| Female sex, N (%) | 7757 (54%) | 3234 (57%) | 376 (63%) | 1870 (53%) | 3573 (53%) | 3581 (48%) |
| Race/Ethnicity, N (%) | ||||||
| White | 10 719 (75%) | 4790 (85%) | 597 (100%) | 3520 (100%) | 2614 (39%) | 4092 (56%) |
| Black | 3555 (25%) | 837 (15%) | … | … | 1868 (28%) | 1361 (19%) |
| Hispanic | … | 35 (0.62%) | … | … | 2290 (34%) | 1876 (26%) |
| Smoking status, N (%) | ||||||
| Never | 5863 (41%) | 2615 (47%) | 557 (93%) | 2977 (85%) | 3403 (50%) | 3063 (42%) |
| Former | 4699 (33%) | 2369 (42%) | … | … | 2489 (37%) | 3292 (45%) |
| Current | 3712 (26%) | 678 (12%) | 40 (6.7%) | 543 (15%) | 880 (13%) | 967 (13%) |
| SBP (mm Hg), mean (SD) | 121 (19) | 136 (22) | 143 (21) | 128 (18) | 126 (21) | 132 (21) |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L), mean (SD) | 5.6 (1.1) | 5.5 (1.0) | 5.3 (1.0) | 5.3 (1.0) | 5.0 (0.9) | 5.4 (1.1) |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/L), mean (SD) | 1.3 (0.4) | 1.4 (0.4) | 1.3 (0.4) | 1.3 (0.4) | 1.3 (0.4) | 1.4 (0.4) |
| Diabetes mellitus, N (%) | 1579 (11%) | 837 (15%) | 130 (22%) | 336 (9.6%) | 848 (13%) | 1200 (16%) |
| History of CHD or stroke, N (%) | 1796 (13%) | 893 (16%) | 136 (23%) | 221 (6.3%) | 5 (0.07%) | 914 (13%) |
| ABI, mean (SD) | 1.13 (0.14) | 1.06 (0.18) | 1.01 (0.21) | 1.11 (0.12) | 1.11 (0.12) | 1.09 (0.16) |
| PAD (ABI <0.90), N (%) | 634 (4.4%) | 759 (13%) | 124 (21%) | 112 (3.2%) | 255 (3.8%) | 633 (8.6%) |
ABI indicates ankle‐brachial index; ARIC, Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study; CHD, coronary heart disease; CHS, Cardiovascular Health Study; FHS, Framingham Heart Study; FOF, Framingham Offspring study; HDL, high‐density lipoprotein; MESA, Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis; NHANES, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; PAD, peripheral artery disease; SBP, systolic blood pressure.