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. 2019 Oct 2;8(20):e012138. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.119.012138

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© 2019 The Authors. Published on behalf of the American Heart Association, Inc., by Wiley.

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Schematic presentation of signaling (non‐Mothers Against DPP Homolog [SMAD] and SMAD‐dependent) pathways initiated by marinobufagenin via interaction with Na/K‐ATPase. ANGII indicates angiotensin II; c‐Src, proto‐oncogene tyrosine‐protein kinase; EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor; ERK1/2, mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK); Fli‐1, Friend leukemia integration 1 transcription factor, a negative regulator of collagen‐1 production; NKA, Na/K‐ATPase; PLCγ, phospholipase C gamma; PKCδ, protein kinase C delta; TGFβ, transforming growth factor‐β; TGFβR, TGFβ receptor. The dotted line indicates the release of the procollagen DNA promoter by phosphorylated Fli1; “P” in yellow circle, phosphorylated form of the protein. The chemical structure of marinobufagenin (MBG) is given in the insertion on the left.