Table 5.
Regression analyses for associations between the site of fracture and demographic and clinical variables with PROs in patients with fractures (n = 185)a.
| Variable | Coefficient (95% CI) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EQ-5D | EQ-VAS | OPAQ-SV |
|||
| Physical | Emotional | Symptom | |||
| Fracture siteb | |||||
| Hip (n = 29) |
−0.0854 | −8.1315 | −11.0303 | −10.4118 | −12.6570 |
| (−0.1644, −0.0064) | (−14.0580, −2.2050) | (−17.5155, −4.5451) | (−15.8833, −4.9403) | (−20.0996, −5.2143) | |
| p = .034 | p = .008 | p = .001 | p<.001 | p = .001 | |
| Spine (n = 71) |
−0.1277 | −13.1196 | −11.7272 | −11.7648 | −16.5482 |
| (−0.1904, −0.0650) | (−20.4239, −5.8154) | (−16.6302, −6.8241) | (−16.6327, −6.8969) | (−23.0725, −10.0238) | |
| p<.001 | p = .001 | p<.001 | p<.001 | p<.000 | |
| Rib (n = 10) |
−0.0164 | −12.6208 | −0.9039 | −1.1075 | −8.3533 |
| (−0.1023, 0.0695) | (−22.2924, −2.9492) | (−8.9915, 7.1836) | (−9.2450, 7.0300) | (−18.0183, 1.3117) | |
| p = .706 | p = .011 | p = .825 | p = .788 | p = .090 | |
| Humerus (n = 3) |
−0.0408 | −5.3668 | −9.7721 | −6.3037 | −8.0426 |
| (−0.1310, 0.0494) | (−9.9976, −0.7361) | (−28.5261, 8.9819) | (−16.2690, 3.6616) | (−14.9761, −1.1090) | |
| p = .372 | p = .024 | p = .304 | p = .213 | p = .023 | |
| Other (n = 27) |
−0.0551 | −11.8812 | −7.8692 | −13.3592 | −13.6090 |
| (−0.1361, 0.0259) | (−20.9066, −2.8559) | (−14.8121, −0.9262) | (−20.1668, −6.5515) | (−22.9135, −4.3044) | |
| p = .180 | p = .010 | p = .027 | p<.001 | p = .005 | |
| Age | −0.0021 | −0.0286 | −0.3140 | −0.2111 | −0.2472 |
| (−0.0045, 0.0003) | (−0.2706, 0.2135) | (−0.5354, −0.0927) | (−0.4338, 0.0116) | (−0.5292, 0.0348) | |
| p = .084 | p = .815 | p = .006 | p = .063 | p = .085 | |
| Male genderc | 0.0728 | 6.6171 | 2.4228 | 5.3676 | 4.7063 |
| (0.0011, 0.1446) | (0.8050, 12.4291) | (−2.7352, 7.5807) | (−0.3703, 11.1056) | (−1.7510, 11.1637) | |
| p = .047 | p = .026 | p = .354 | p = .066 | p = .151 | |
| BMI | −0.0004 | −0.0790 | −0.2158 | 0.2609 | −0.2078 |
| (−0.0064, 0.0057) | (−0.7225, 0.5646) | (−0.7221, 0.2906) | (−0.2863, 0.8082) | (−0.7653, 0.3496) | |
| p = .900 | p = .808 | p = .400 | p = .347 | p = .462 | |
| CCI | −0.0437 | −4.3839 | −3.2585 | −2.1882 | −4.7962 |
| (−0.0648, −0.0225) | (−6.3593, −2.4085) | (−4.9125, −1.6046) | (−3.8457, −0.5306) | (−6.8591, −2.7334) | |
| p<.001 | p<.001 | p<.001 | p = .010 | p<.001 | |
Abbreviations. BMI, body mass index; CCI, Charlson Comorbidity Index; CI, confidence interval; EQ-5D, European Quality of Life 5 Domains; EQ-VAS, European Quality of Life Visual Analog Scale; OPAQ-SV, Osteoporosis Assessment Questionnaire short-version.
a
Model included fracture site, age, gender, BMI, and CCI only. p-values were adjusted to account for physician clustering.
b
Reference fracture site was the wrist.
c
Reference was female gender.