Fig. 1.

Intrinsic and extrinsic models for BCR inhibitory co-receptors. (A) Intrinsic inhibitory co-receptors dampen B cell activation by antagonizing BCR signaling. (B) Extrinsic inhibitory co-receptors antagonize BCR signaling and are dependent on how the antigens are displayed. For example, co-expression of self-associated molecular recognition patterns with membrane-bound antigens on another cell have the potential to draw the inhibitory receptor into an immunological synapse and prevent B cell activation. Source: Enterina et al. [2].