Table 3.
Dietary consumption of study participants according to SI sex‐specific tertiles (T)
| SI (%) | P‐value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 | T2 | T3 | ||
| Men: 803 | <26.3% | ≥26.3 to <28.5% | ≥28.5% | |
| Women: 734 | <21.0% | ≥21.0 to <22.7% | ≥22.7% | |
| Nutrients | ||||
| Energy intake (kcal/day) | 2402 ± 582 | 2389 ± 576 | 2443 ± 589 | 0.293 |
| Carbohydrates (%) | 39.6 ± 6.4 | 40.0 ± 6.7 | 40.9 ± 6.2 | 0.003 |
| Proteins (%) | 16.4 ± 2.6 | 16.4 ± 2.7 | 16.1 ± 2.4 | 0.094 |
| Lipids (%) | 40.6 ± 6.1 | 40.2 ± 6.2 | 39.7 ± 5.8 | 0.052 |
| PUFA (%) | 6.2 ± 1.8 | 6.3 ± 1.8 | 6.2 ± 1.7 | 0.553 |
| SFA (%) | 10.3 ± 1.9 | 10.0 ± 1.9 | 9.8 ± 1.9 | 0.0001 |
| MUFA (%) | 21.3 ± 4.5 | 21.0 ± 4.3 | 20.8 ± 4.0 | 0.238 |
| Fibre (g/day) | 25.2 ± 8.3 | 25.4 ± 9.0 | 26.8 ± 8.2 | 0.003 |
| Alcohol intake (g/day) | 11.6 ± 15.2 | 11.8 ± 15.5 | 11.7 ± 15.1 | 0.974 |
| ω3 fatty acids (g/day) | 0.85 ± 0.44 | 0.86 ± 0.45 | 0.88 ± 0.46 | 0.578 |
| Fish ω3 fatty acids (g/day) | 0.63 ± 0.33 | 0.63 ± 0.35 | 0.66 ± 0.36 | 0.312 |
| Vitamin C (mg/day) | 194 ± 81 | 202 ± 89 | 209 ± 84 | 0.016 |
| Vitamin D (μg/day) | 5.8 ± 3.1 | 5.8 ± 3.2 | 6.0 ± 3.3 | 0.610 |
| Food groups | ||||
| Vegetables (g/day) | 300 ± 116 | 308 ± 127 | 318 ± 122 | 0.054 |
| Fruits (g/day) | 321 ± 193 | 328 ± 192 | 366 ± 206 | 0.0004 |
| Legumes (g/day) | 20.0 ± 11.4 | 19.6 ± 10.4 | 19.5 ± 9.6 | 0.686 |
| Cereals (g/day) | 146 ± 79 | 153 ± 84 | 163 ± 83 | 0.004 |
| Dairy products (g/day) | 345 ± 215 | 336 ± 206 | 329 ± 193 | 0.418 |
| Meats (g/day) | 157 ± 59 | 155 ± 61 | 149 ± 56 | 0.087 |
| Extra virgin olive oil (g/day) | 31.5 ± 21.0 | 33.9 ± 19.9 | 34.6 ± 19.8 | 0.038 |
| Fish (g/day) | 95.9 ± 42.3 | 95.8 ± 45.2 | 101 ± 47 | 0.150 |
| Nuts (g/day) | 14.0 ± 17.9 | 14.2 ± 16.0 | 14.9 ± 17.1 | 0.649 |
| Confectionery (g/day) | 26.5 ± 33.5 | 26.3 ± 28.5 | 28.1 ± 34.1 | 0.606 |
| Mediterranean diet score (points) | 4.2 ± 1.5 | 4.3 ± 1.6 | 4.5 ± 1.6 | 0.001 |
MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acids; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids; SFA, saturated fatty acids; SI, sarcopenic index.
Differences in characteristics among the three SI sex‐specific tertiles were tested by analysis of variance.