Table 1. Prevalence (%) of Cryptosporidum spp. among immigrant workers to Qatar, according to the subjects’ personal characteristics, migration history, education, and job family.
Statistical analysis was based on single factor models. For multifactorial analysis see text.
| n | No. infected Prevalence (%) |
CL95 | Odds ratioβ | X2 | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
PERSONAL CHARACTERISTICS Age | ||||||
| 18–22 years | 110 | 2 (1.8) | 0.57–5.07 | 0.019 | ||
| 23–29 years | 351 | 19 (5.4) | 3.34–8.61 | 0.057 | ||
| 30–37 years | 229 | 11 (4.8) | 3.15–7.19 | 0.050 | ||
| 38–56 years | 149 | 6 (4.0) | 1.65–8.78 | 0.042 | 3.13 | 0.37 |
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 522 | 23 (4.4) | 3.27–5.91 | 0.046 | ||
| Female | 317 | 15 (4.7) | 2.89–7.59 | 0.050 | 0.048 | 0.83 |
| Religion | ||||||
| Buddhist | 15 | 1 (6.7) | 0.35–30.20 | 0.071 | ||
| Christian | 217 | 11 (5.1) | 3.39–7.45 | 0.053 | ||
| Hindu | 225 | 19 (8.4) | 6.19–11.42 | 0.092 | ||
| Muslim | 382 | 7 (1.8) | 0.74–4.32 | 0.019 | 14.92 | 0.002 |
| Region of origin | ||||||
| west Asia | 612 | 27 (4.4) | 3.20–6.04 | 0.046 | ||
| eastern Asia | 175 | 10 (5.7) | 2.65–11.52 | 0.061 | ||
| northern & saharan Africa | 18 | 0 (0) | 0.00–18.52 | 0.000 | ||
| sub saharan Africa | 34 | 1 (2.9) | 0.35–13.05 | 0.030 | 2.44 | 0.49 |
| Education | ||||||
| None | 194 | 2 (1.0) | 0.08–5.29 | 0.010 | ||
| Elementary school only | 466 | 33 (7.1) | 4.31–11.32 | 0.076 | ||
| Up to intermediate school | 33 | 0 (0) | 0.00–8.04 | 0.000 | ||
| Up to high school | 126 | 3 (2.4) | 0.83–6.16 | 0.024 | ||
| Graduate/postgraduate | 20 | 0 (0) | 0.00–16.68 | 0.000 | 20.46 | <0.001 |
| Occupation/Profession* | ||||||
| Blue collar | 419 | 21 (5.0) | 2.88–8.50 | 0.053 | ||
| Pink collar | 42 | 0 (0) | 0.00–9.69 | 0.000 | ||
| White collar | 15 | 0 (0) | 0.00–22.22 | 0.000 | ||
| Housemaids | 308 | 15 (4.9) | 3.02–7.71 | 0.051 | ||
| Food handlers | 55 | 2 (3.6) | 1.12–9.69 | 0.038 | 5.69 | 0.22 |
| Monthly income (QR) | ||||||
| 600–999 | 209 | 3 (1.4) | 0.68–2.96 | 0.015 | ||
| 1000–1499 | 383 | 22 (5.7) | 3.51–9.20 | 0.061 | ||
| 1500–2999 | 218 | 13 (6.0) | 4.10–8.53 | 0.063 | ||
| >2999 | 29 | 0 (0) | 0.00–11.53 | 0.000 | 11.09 | 0.011 |
β. The values of the Odds Ratios provided reflect the likelihood of being infected compared to being without infection at each level within the factors listed. A value of 1 would reflect equal likelihood of either being infected or without infection, i.e. a prevalence of 50%.
*Occupation/Profession:
Blue collar: mechanics, masons, builders, car wash attendants, carpenters, cleaners, crane operators, drivers, electricians, fire fighters, fitters, gardeners, labourers, painters, plumbers, steel fixers and welders.
Pink collar: barbers, beauticians, butlers, grocers, hairdressers, lifeguards’ merchandisers, nurses, safety officers/guards, salespersons, saloon workers, security guards and tailors.
White collar: accountants, cashiers, civil engineers, clerks, IT experts, office boys, receptionists, and secretaries.
Food handlers: bakers, butchers, chefs, cooks, kitchen assistants, waiters/waitresses.