Evaluating interference from APA reactivity in indirect sandwich immunoassays (ISIAs) for antibody detection (“serology”) fabricated on polymer bottlebrushes. a, Schematic of serological antibody ISIA. ISIAs comprised of p24 Ag spotted onto bottlebrush overlayers were incubated with a dilution series of rabbit anti-HIV p24 polyclonal Ab, either with (bottom pathway) or without (top pathway) the presence of APA interferent (pAPA1). Surfaces were labeled with Cy5-donkey-anti-rabbit dAb, and then read by a scanner. b, c, d, e, f, Concentration binding curves for detecting polyclonal anti-p24 Ab (analyte) on polymer brush-based ISIAs, either with or without 100 ng/mL of APA interferent (black squares and open circles, respectively). LODs for each curve are provided in ng/mL, except for the EG5-OMe curve run with APA interferent, which was not calculated due to high background noise. Each data point represents mean ± s.d. from duplicate runs.