Table 5.

Changes in prevalence of opioid source over time among persons with POUD, 2005–2014.

	2005–2009 (n=1,479)	2010–2014 (n=1,495)
Source	Prevalence (95% CI)	Prevalence (95% CI)	AOR (95% CI)
Free from friends/family	40.45 (36.21, 44.69)	30.71 (26.80, 34.61)	0.42 (0.25, 0.71)**
Prescription from physician(s)	19.36 (16.20, 22.52)	25.68 (21.91, 29.44)	1.56 (0.80, 3.04)
Bought from friends/family	15.24 (12.39, 18.09)	22.96 (19.75, 26.18)	3.29 (1.76, 6.13)***
Bought from drug dealer/stranger	14.09 (10.64, 17.53)	12.55 (10.58, 14.51)	1.27 (0.55, 2.96)
Stolen	6.86 (5.03, 8.69)	5.53 (3.37, 7.69)	0.40 (0.15, 1.05)
Other	4.01 (2.42, 5.59)	2.58 (1.55, 3.61)	0.36 (0.12, 1.03)

Note: Data on sources of non-medical opioids were not collected prior to 2005; reported AORs are for 10-year period for which data were available.

Abbreviation: POUD, prescription opioid use disorder; CI, confidence interval; AOR, adjusted odds ratio. Models adjusted for sex, age, and race/ethnicity.

^**p<.01,

^***p<.001.