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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Acta Neuropathol. 2019 Apr 8;139(4):625–641. doi: 10.1007/s00401-019-02002-2

Figure 4. High grade astrocytomas in NF1.

Figure 4.

High grade astrocytoma forming a deep contrast enhancing mass (arrow). Other manifestations of NF1 in this patient included neurofibromas of the scalp (arrowheads) (axial T1-weighted post-contrast image)(a). The histology of high grade astrocytomas in individuals with NF1 is also variable, and includes giant cell glioblastoma (b) and anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (c). NF1 associated gliosarcoma (d) with biphasic components highlighted by reticulin special stain, including islands of reticulin poor glioma cells (arrows) surrounded by reticulin rich sarcomatous areas (e). GFAP immunoreactivity in this tumor is limited to glial areas (left) and is negative in the pleomorphic sarcomatous component (right)(f). Anaplastic astrocytoma in NF1 patient with mitotic activity (arrow)(g), ATRX expression loss by immunohistochemistry (h) and large foci in telomeric FISH (arrow) consistent with alternative lengthening of telomeres (i).