Fig. 1.

Sex-specific association between prenatal indoor pets and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Interaction P-value is for the child sex by pet keeping interaction term; sex-specific P-value is from models stratified by sex. Model 1 accounts for inverse probability weights (IPW); Model 2 accounts for IPW and confounders (pooled estimate from multiple imputation model). Confounders: maternal race, household income, maternal smoking during pregnancy, prenatal antifungal use, maternal body mass index first measured in pregnancy, gestational age at birth, and birthweight. Abbreviations: OR, odds ratio