Table 2.
Reproductive health outcomes regressed on adverse childhood experiences
| Any pregnancy loss (n = 1848) | Any preterm birth (n = 1823) | Any low birthweight (n = 1837) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1 OR (95% CI) |
Model 2 OR (95% CI) |
Model 1 OR (95% CI) |
Model 2 OR (95% CI) |
Model 1 OR (95% CI) |
Model 2 OR (95% CI) |
|
| Age |
1.07** (1.05–1.09) |
1.07** (1.05–1.08) |
1.08** (1.05–1.10) |
1.08** (1.05–1.10) |
1.06** (1.03–1.08) |
1.06** (1.03–1.08) |
| Race/Ethnicity1 | ||||||
| American Indian |
0.65 (0.41–1.02) |
0.66 (0.42–1.04) |
0.63 (0.35–1.12) |
0.64 (0.36–1.14) |
0.53 (0.28–1.00) |
0.55 (0.29–1.03) |
| Caucasian |
0.93 (0.71–1.22) |
0.94 (0.72–1.23) |
0.83 (0.60–1.16) |
0.85 (0.61–1.19) |
0.60* (0.42–0.85) |
0.61* (0.43–0.87) |
| Hispanic |
0.70* (0.51–0.96) |
0.69* (0.51–0.95) |
0.51* (0.34–0.77) |
0.51* (0.34–0.77) |
0.49* (0.32–0.74) |
0.48 (0.32–0.74) |
| Other race/ethnicity |
0.65 (0.37–1.12) |
0.63 (0.36–1.09) |
0.67 (0.34–1.32) |
0.67 (0.34–1.31) |
0.75 (0.38–1.47) |
0.73 (0.37–1.42) |
| Any postsecondary education |
1.05 (0.83–1.32) |
1.05 (0.83–1.32) |
0.73* (0.54–0.99) |
0.73* (0.54–0.98) |
0.84 (0.61–1.16) |
0.84 (0.61–1.16) |
| Total ACE score |
1.12** (1.08–1.17) |
1.07** (1.01–1.12) |
1.08** (1.03–1.15) |
|||
| 1 or 2 ACEs |
0.93 (0.66–1.31) |
1.22 (0.79–1.89) |
0.98 (0.62–1.56) |
|||
| 3 or 4 ACEs |
1.27 (0.89–1.80) |
1.29 (0.82–2.02) |
1.22 (0.76–1.96) |
|||
| 5 or more ACEs |
1.80** (1.28–2.52) |
1.46 (0.95–2.26) |
1.39 (0.88–2.19) |
|||
Abbreviations: OR odds ratio, CI Confidence interval. *p < .05; **p < .01