Table 3.
Comparison of postoperative outcomes between PDAC patients in the OPD and LPD groups
| Characteristic | Original cohort | P | Matched cohort | P | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OPD group (n = 230) |
LPD group (n = 79) |
OPD group (n = 93) |
LPD group (n = 55) |
|||
| POPF [cases (%)] | 86 (37.4) | 20 (25.3) | 0.051 | 33 (35.5) | 13 (23.6) | 0.132 |
| Biochemical leak | 74 (32.2) | 13 (16.5) | 0.007 | 28 (30.1) | 9 (16.4) | 0.062 |
| Grade B/C | 12 (5.2) | 7 (8.9) | 0.373 | 5 (5.4) | 4 (7.3) | 0.912 |
| DGE [cases (%)] | 66 (28.7) | 1 (1.3) | < 0.001 | 34 (36.6) | 1 (1.8) | < 0.001 |
| Grade A | 27 (11.7) | 0 (0.0) | 0.001 | 13 (14.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0.009 |
| Grade B/C | 39 (17.0) | 1 (1.3) | < 0.001 | 21 (22.6) | 1 (1.8) | 0.001 |
| PPH [cases (%)] | 14 (6.1) | 6 (7.6) | 0.638 | 10 (10.8) | 4 (7.3) | 0.485 |
| Grade A | 5 (2.2) | 1 (1.3) | 0.974 | 4 (4.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0.301 |
| Grade B/C | 9 (3.9) | 5 (6.3) | 0.564 | 6 (6.5) | 4 (7.3) | 1.000 |
| BL [cases (%)] | 15 (6.5) | 6 (7.6) | 0.744 | 5 (5.4) | 6 (10.9) | 0.360 |
| Grade A | 5 (2.2) | 0 (0.0) | 0.421 | 2 (2.2) | 0 (0.0) | 0.530a |
| Grade B/C | 10 (4.3) | 6 (7.6) | 0.407 | 3 (3.2) | 6 (10.9) | 0.125 |
| Intra-abdominal infection [cases (%)] | 21 (9.1) | 4 (5.1) | 0.253 | 12 (12.9) | 2 (3.6) | 0.063 |
| Wound infection [cases (%)] | 3 (1.3) | 4 (5.1) | 0.134 | 0 (0.0) | 2 (3.6) | 0.137a |
| Other complications [cases (%)] | 24 (10.4) | 8 (10.1) | 0.938 | 11 (11.8) | 6 (10.9) | 0.865 |
| Overall complications [cases (%)] | 151 (65.7) | 39 (49.4) | 0.010 | 66 (71.0) | 27 (49.1) | 0.008 |
| Clavien I–II | 133 (57.8) | 30 (38.0) | 0.002 | 53 (57.0) | 21 (38.2) | 0.027 |
| Clavien III–V | 18 (7.8) | 9 (11.4) | 0.333 | 13 (14.0) | 6 (10.9) | 0.590 |
| DSA [cases (%)] | 7 (3.0) | 5 (6.3) | 0.334 | 5 (5.4) | 4 (7.3) | 0.912 |
| Reoperation [cases (%)] | 3 (1.3) | 5 (6.3) | 0.044 | 1 (1.1) | 2 (3.6) | 0.642 |
| In-hospital mortality [cases (%)] | 2 (0.9) | 1 (1.3) | 1.000a | 2 (2.2) | 0 (0.0) | 0.530a |
| Readmission [cases (%)] | 32 (13.9) | 8 (10.1) | 0.387 | 14 (15.1) | 6 (10.9) | 0.476 |
| Postoperative length of stay [days, median (IQR)] | 13.0 (10.0–19.0) | 12.0 (10.0–18.0) | 0.947 | 14.0 (10.0–20.0) | 13.0 (11.0–20.0) | 0.986 |
| Time to adjuvant chemotherapy [days, median (IQR)] | 44.0 (33.8–63.0) | 39.0 (32.0–77.0) | 0.616 | 43.5 (32.8–57.3) | 39.0 (32.5–81.0) | 0.935 |
PDAC pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, OPD open pancreaticoduodenectomy, LPD laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy, POPF postoperative pancreatic fistula, DGE delayed gastric emptying, PPH post-pancreatectomy hemorrhage, BL bile leakage, DSA digital subtraction angiography, IQR interquartile range
aFisher’s exact test