Table 2.
Representative studies of ESI-MS technologies for the non-covalent interactions between small drug molecules and proteins.
| Subjects | Ligands | Type of MS | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| hGHbp | Six nonpolar ligands | ESI-Q-TOF MS | Tjernberg et al., 2004 |
| P-glycoprotein | Cyclosporin A and charged/zwitterionic lipids | IM-MS | Marcoux et al., 2013 |
| Chorismate mutase | Adamantyl-1-phosphonate | ESI-TOF MS | Wendt et al., 2003 |
| Ribonuclease A | Cytidine 2'-monophosphate, cytidine triphosphate | NanoESI-Q-TOF MS | Zhang et al., 2003 |
| Norovirus P domain | 41 HBGA oligosaccharides | FT ICR-NanoESI-MS | Han et al., 2013 |
| α1-Acid glycoprotein | Propranolol, pindolol, oxprenolol, alprenolol, carbamazepine, warfarin | CE/FA-ESI-MS | Vuignier et al., 2012 |
| BSA | Warfarin, salicylic acid, diclofenac | CE/FA-ESI-MS | |
| Carbonic anhydrase II (CA II) | Furosemide, acetazolamide, 4-CBSA, DNSA, sulfanilamide, and Sulpiride | MIK-MS | Obi et al., 2018 |
| bCA II | Eighty-five methanolic plant extracts | Online SEC-ESI-FTICR-MS | Vu et al., 2008 |
| HSA | Tanshinon IIA, warfarin | ESI-TOF MS | Liu et al., 2008 |
| β-Lactoglobulin | Morin, quercetin, myricetin | HPLC-ESI-Q-TOF MS | Xu et al., 2018 |
| COX-2 | Flavonoids in lotus plumule | UF-LC/ESI-MS | Chen et al., 2019 |
| COX-2, Top I | R. davurica extracts | UF-LC/ESI-MS | Chen et al., 2018b |