Table 2.
Cox proportional hazard model examining factors associated with relapsing among HIV+ smokers receiving care at the UAB 1917 HIV/AIDS clinic between April 2008 and April 2017
| Relapse | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted HR (95% CI) |
p-value | Adjusted HR (95% CI) |
P-value | |
| Socio-demographic | ||||
| Log age10a | 0.29 (0.09, 0.92) | 0.03 | 0.57 (0.09, 3.48) | 0.56 |
| Gender/sexual orientation | ||||
| Women | REF | REF | ||
| Male heterosexual | 0.85 (0.54, 1.34) | 0.48 | 0.97 (0.56, 1.68) | 0.91 |
| MSM | 1.09 (0.77, 1.56) | 0.62 | 1.21 (0.79, 1.84) | 0.38 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||
| White | REF | REF | ||
| African American | 1.09 (0.85, 1.42) | 0.42 | 1.06 (0.76, 1.48) | 0.73 |
| Clinical/medical | ||||
| Length in care | 0.95 (0.92, 0.98) | 0.00 | 0.94 (0.91, 0.98) | 0.00 |
| Adherent to ARTe | 0.63 (0.44, 0.92) | 0.02 | 0.65 (0.42, 0.99) | 0.04 |
| Health Insurancee | ||||
| Private | REF | REF | ||
| Public | 1.41 (1.01, 1.96) | 0.04 | 1.46 (0.97, 2.19) | 0.06 |
| Uninsured | 1.24 (0.92, 1.67) | 0.16 | 0.86 (0.59, 1.25) | 0.44 |
| Comorbiditiesb | ||||
| Cardiovascular | 0.72 (0.49, 1.06) | 0.09 | 0.87 (0.54, 1.40) | 0.56 |
| Respiratory | 1.05 (0.78, 1.41) | 0.78 | 1.23 (0.86, 1.78) | 0.24 |
| Metabolic | 0.59 (0.40, 0.85) | 0.00 | 0.82 (0.51, 1.32) | 0.42 |
| Cancer | 0.98 (0.63, 1.55) | 0.96 | 0.99 (0.58, 1.71) | 0.98 |
| Laboratory parameterc | ||||
| Plasma HIV-1 RNA < 200 copies/ml | 0.96 (0.70, 1.31) | 0.77 | 0.77 (0.56, 1.07) | 0.12 |
| CD4 count (cells/μL) | ||||
| ≥ 200 | 0.89 (0.56,1.41) | 0.62 | 0.61 (0.35, 1.07) | 0.09 |
| Behavioral and psychologicale | ||||
| Major Depression | 1.57 (1.16, 2.11) | 0.00 | 1.48 (0.99, 2.19) | 0.053 |
| Anxiety symptoms | 1.68 (1.28, 2.21) | 0.00 | 1.55 (1.11, 2.17) | 0.01 |
| Substance abused | ||||
| Never | REF | REF | ||
| Prior | 1.20 (0.89, 1.61) | 0.23 | 1.48 (0.91, 2.42) | 0.12 |
| Current | 1.19 (0.77, 1.82) | 0.43 | 1.35 (0.94, 1.94) | 0.10 |
| Unknown | 1.46 (0.97, 2.18) | 0.06 | 1.02 (0.61, 1.64) | 0.99 |
| Alcohol abuse | ||||
| No risk | REF | REF | ||
| Low risk | 1.01 (0.75, 1.35) | 0.96 | 1.15 (0.81, 1.65) | 0.44 |
| At risk | 1.69 (1.13, 2.53) | 0.01 | 1.74 (1.06, 2.85) | 0.03 |
Abbreviations: AIDS acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, ART antiretroviral therapy, CI confidence interval, HIV human immunodeficiency virus, MSM men who have sex with men, UAB University of Alabama, Birmingham; clinically relevant variables with P values < 0.25 were included in the adjusted model. Bold typeface indicates statistical significance at the P < 0.05 level
aHazard ratio per 10-year increment; bComorbidities: cardiovascular (stroke, myocardial infarction, cardiovascular disease, hypertension); respiratory (asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bacterial pneumonia); metabolic (diabetes and dyslipidemia), patients without comorbidities were used as the reference group; cLab value closest to index visit; dSubstance abuse includes street opioids, prescription opioids, marijuana, crack/cocaine, amphetamines, sedatives, inhalants, hallucinogens; eAt baseline quit value