Table 1.

Participant Characteristics, N = 2967.

Parameter	Mean or N	SD or %
Individual-level
Age at baseline, M (SD)	20.54	1.94
Sex, N (%)
Male	1052	35.5
Female	1911	64.5
Sexual orientation, N (%)
Heterosexual	2697	91.7
Not heterosexual	243	8.3
Race, N (%)
White	1902	64.9
Asian	192	6.6
Black	663	22.6
Other	172	5.9
Hispanic, N (%)	230	7.8
Parental education, N (%)
< Bachelor’s degree	499	17.0
≥ Bachelor’s degree	2431	83.0
Early onset cigarette smoking (< 15 years), N (%)	113	3.9
Participant past 30-day substance use, N (%)
LCCs	301	10.1
Smokeless tobacco	102	3.4
ENDS	307	10.4
Hookah	341	11.5
Alcohol	1857	62.6
Marijuana	672	22.7
Depressive symptoms, M (SD)	6.24	5.27
ADHD symptoms, M (SD)	9.52	4.36
Interpersonal-level
Adverse childhood events, M (SD)	1.33	1.82
Social support, M (SD)
Appraisal	12.03	2.01
Belonging	11.39	1.82
Tangible support	13.44	2.34
Parental substance use, N (%)
Tobacco	956	32.2
Marijuana	185	6.2
Community-level
School type, N (%)
Private	1235	41.6
HBCU	326	11.0
Public	825	27.8
Technical	581	19.6
Community type, N (%)
Urban/suburban	1234	41.6
Rural	1733	58.4

Note: LCCs = little cigar/cigarillo; ENDS = electronic nicotine delivery systems.