Table 1. Demographic and Clinicopathologic Characteristics by Control and AD Subtype.
| Characteristic | Median (IQR) | AD-Specific P Valuea | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normal Controls (n = 103) | AD Neuropathologic Subtype (n = 1361) | ||||
| HpSp (n = 175) | Typical (n = 1014) | Limbic Predominant (n = 172) | |||
| Female, % total of AD type, No./total No. (%) | 47/103 (46) | 62/175 (35) | 545/1014 (54) | 121/172 (70) | <.001 |
| Educational level, y | 16 (14 to 16) | 16 (12 to 16) | 14 (12 to 16) | 14 (12 to 16) | .007 |
| APOE ε4, No./total No. (%) | 8/21 (38) | 64/140 (46) | 488/767 (64) | 93/129 (72) | <.001 |
| Clinical findings | |||||
| Age at onset, y | NA | 65 (56 to 72) | 71 (65 to 77) | 78 (72 to 81) | <.001 |
| Disease duration, y | NA | 9 (7 to 10) | 9 (6 to 12) | 9 (7 to 12) | .16 |
| Atypical presentation, No./total No. (%) | NA | 57/150 (38) | 89/819 (11) | 3/139 (2) | <.001 |
| MMSE | |||||
| Final score, points | 27 (27 to 28) | 7 (5 to 15) | 13 (7 to 19) | 18 (8 to 21) | .01 |
| Change in MMSE, points, yb | 0 (0 to 0) | –4 (–4 to –3) | –2 (–2 to –1) | –1 (–2 to –1) | <.001 |
| Postmortem findings | |||||
| Age at death, y | 73 (60 to 80) | 72 (66 to 80) | 81 (76 to 86) | 86 (82 to 90) | <.001 |
| Brain weight, g | 1240 (1123 to 1338) | 1042 (960 to 1145) | 1040 (940 to 1140) | 1040 (950 to 1120) | .40 |
| Braak tangle stage | I (0 to III) | VI (V to VI) | VI (V to VI) | VI (V to VI) | <.001 |
| Thal amyloid phase | 0 (0 to 2) | 5 (5 to 5) | 5 (5 to 5) | 5 (5 to 5) | .67 |
| Lewy body disease, No./total No. (%) | 0/103 (0) | 25/175 (14) | 265/1014 (26) | 44/172 (26) | .003 |
| nbM | |||||
| NFT density, per 0.125 mm2 | 1 (0 to 1) | 14 (9 to 20) | 10 (5 to 16) | 8 (5 to 11) | <.001 |
| Neuronal density, per mm2 | 34 (30 to 39) | 22 (17 to 28) | 25 (19 to 30) | 26 (19 to 32) | .002 |
Abbreviations: AD, Alzheimer disease; APOE ε4, the ε4 allele of the apolipoprotein E gene; HpSp, hippocampal sparing; IQR, interquartile range; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; nbM, nucleus basalis of Meynert; NA, not applicable; NFT, neurofibrillary tangle.
a
Normal controls were not included in Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test; thus, P values specifically reflect groupwise comparisons.
b
Estimated using a mixed linear regression model accounting for interaction of time from test to death and AD subtype.