Table 2.

Communities’ perception of impact of galamsey activities on resources and ecosystem services.

Ecosystem services/land issues	Communities									P-value
	Ntakam			Asawinso 1			Nkatieso
	1	2	3	1	2	3	1	2	3
Water availability	33.33	14.58	52.08	46.94	6.12	46.94	27.78	7.41	64.81	0.162
Water quality	25	4.17	70.83	29.17	2.08	68.75	27.78	5.56	66.67	0.911
Land availability for farming	20.83	22.92	56.25	24.49	10.2	65.31	20.75	13.21	66.04	0.483
Land accessibility	20.83	22.92	56.25	20.83	14.58	64.58	26.42	13.21	60.38	0.67
Land productivity (fertility)	21.28	17.02	61.7	30.61	12.24	57.14	23.4	14.89	61.7	0.844
Flooding leading to destruction of farms	14.89	21.28	63.83	6.38	21.28	72.34	6.52	19.57	73.91	0.586

Scale of assessment: 3-point Likert scale (1 = low impact; 2 = moderate impact 3 = high impact).