Table 1.
Multivariate Linear Regression Adjusteda β Coefficient (95% CI) by unit of natural log-transformed perfluoroalkyl acids in adolescent participants (ages 12–19 years) in NHANES 2013–2016.
| Alanine Aminotransferase (ln) |
Aspartate Aminotransferase (ln) |
Gamma Glutamyltransferase (ln) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | Female | |
| Perfluorooctanoic acid | −0.07 (−0.13, −0.01) | 0.09 (0.02, 0.17) | −0.06 (−0.12, −0.00) | 0.06 (−0.00, 0.13) | −0.05 (−0.14, 0.03) | 0.10 (0.01, 0.18) |
| Perfluorononanoic acid | −0.07 (−0.13, −0.02) | 0.10 (0.04, 0.17) | −0.07 (−0.10, −0.03) | 0.06 (−0.01, 0.13) | −0.06 (−0.13, 0.01) | 0.01 (−0.04, 0.06) |
| Perfluorohexane sulfonic acid | 0.01 (−0.03, 0.05) | 0.02 (−0.03, 0.07) | −0.01 (−0.05, 0.03) | 0.03 (−0.02, 0.07) | 0.01 (−0.05, 0.07) | 0.02 (−0.03, 0.07) |
| Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid | 0.01 (−0.09, 0.10) | 0.09 (−0.01, 0.18) | −0.02 (−0.11, 0.06) | 0.07 (0.00, 0.13) | 0.05 (−0.04, 0.14) | 0.07 (−0.004, 0.14) |
a
Adjusted by age, race/ethnicity, body weight status (normal/underweight; overweight; obese), education, income-to-poverty ratio, and exposure to smoking.