Table 2.
Percent Differences (95% CI) in serum Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) and serum Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) by perfluoroalkyl acid levels in adolescent participants (ages 12–19 years) in NHANES 2013–2016.
| Alanine Aminotransferasea |
Aspartate Aminotransferasea |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Males | Females | Males | Females | |
| Perfluorooctanoic acid | ||||
| Quartile 1 | Referent | Referent | Referent | Referent |
| Quartile 2 | 2.02 (−14.79, 20.92) | 9.42 (1.01, 19.72) | −1.00 (−13.93, 12.75) | 4.08 (−1.98, 11.63) |
| Quartile 3 | −1.00 (−12.19, 10.52) | 17.35 (5.13, 32.31) | −0.40 (−7.69, 8.33) | 10.52 (1.01, 20.92) |
| Quartile 4 | −10.42 (−18.94,-1.00) | 18.53 (5.13, 32.31) | −4.88 (−13.93, 4.08) | 11.63 (1.01, 22.14) |
| Perfluorononanoic acid | ||||
| Quartile 1 | Referent | Referent | Referent | Referent |
| Quartile 2 | −12.19 (−24.42, 3.05) | 4.08 (−6.76, 15.03) | −8.61 (−16.47, −0.40) | 1.01 (−7.69, 10.52) |
| Quartile 3 | −13.06 (−25.92, 3.05) | 8.33 (−2.96, 19.72) | −2.96 (−11.31, 6.18) | 8.33 (−1.00, 18.53) |
| Quartile 4 | −13.93 (−25.17, −0.49) | 17.35 (6.18, 31.00) | −11.31 (−18.13, 4.08) | 10.52 (0.40, 22.14) |
| Perfluorohexane sulfonic acid | ||||
| Quartile 1 | Referent | Referent | Referent | Referent |
| Quartile 2 | −6.76 (−13.93, 1.01) | −1.00 (−13.06, 12.75) | −3.92 (−9.52, 10.52) | −0.40 (−9.52, 10.52) |
| Quartile 3 | −8.61 (−17.30, 2.02) | 5.13 (−4.88, 17.35) | −2.96 (−8.61, 4.08) | 7.25 (−1.00, 16.18) |
| Quartile 4 | −1.98 (−11.31, 8.33) | 3.05 (−9.52, 17.35) | 0.40 (−8.61, 9.42) | 3.05 (−7.69, 15.03) |
| Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid | ||||
| Quartile 1 | Referent | Referent | Referent | Referent |
| Quartile 2 | −4.88 (−18.94, 11.63) | −1.98 (−15.63, 15.03) | −1.98 (−10.42, 8.33) | 3.05 (−7.69, 15.03) |
| Quartile 3 | 7.25 (−4.88, 20.92) | 1.01 (−10.42, 13.88) | 1.01 (−6.76, 10.52) | 5.13 (−3.92, 13.88) |
| Quartile 4 | −1.00 (−13.06, 13.88) | 11.63 (−1.98, 27.12) | −1.00 (−11.31, 10.52) | 12.75 (3.05, 23.37) |
a
Adjusted by age, race/ethnicity, body weight status (normal/underweight; overweight; obese), education, income-to-poverty ratio, and exposure to smoking.