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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Cancer Surviv. 2019 May 29;13(3):429–437. doi: 10.1007/s11764-019-00764-y

Table 4.

Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of the association between overall and types of financial hardship and limiting care due to cost

Age and Sex Adjusted Fully Adjusted Mutually Adjusted
OR (95% CI) OR (95% CI) OR (95% CI)
Any financial hardship
Any care limitations 5.0 (3.4, 7.4) 4.4 (2.9, 6.6) --
 Skipped doses of prescribed medication to save money 3.2 (1.9, 5.4) 2.7 (1.5, 4.9) --
 Refused treatment due to cost 7.5 (3.3, 16.9) 5.9 (2.6, 13.7) --
 Needed to see a doctor but did not go due to cost 5.4 (3.3, 8.8) 4.1 (2.4, 6.9) --
Borrowed money from friends or family to pay for cancer care
Any care limitations 8.1 (5.1, 12.6) 7.6 (4.6, 12.6) 3.9 (2.2, 6.9)
Reported still being in debt due to cancer
Any care limitations 6.2 (4.3, 8.8) 4.9 (3.4, 7.2) 3.0 (1.9, 4.6)
Used assets (investments, home equity, retirement savings)
Any care limitations 2.0 (1.4, 3.0) 2.2 (1.4, 3.5) 1.1 (0.6, 1.9)
Experienced a decrease in income
Any care limitations 2.8 (2.0, 4.0) 2.7 (1.8, 4.0) 1.8 (1.1,2.6)

Fully Adjusted models control for age at diagnosis, sex, income, employment status, marital status, health insurance, and cancer site using categories in Table 1. Mutually Adjusted models add the other forms of financial hardship (borrowing, debt, assets, and/or reduction in income), as appropriate (e.g. models of the associations between borrowing money and care limitations are further adjusted for debt, assets, and decrease in income).