Table 1.

Comparison between plasmacytoid and conventional DCs.

	Plasmacytoid DCs	Myeliod/conventional DCs
		cDC1	cDC2
Origin	Plasmacytoid cells	Myeloid precursor cells or Axl+ cells
Markers	CD303 (CLEC4C) CD304 (neuropilin) CD123 (IL-3R) BDCA-2 BDCA-4 LILRA4	CD13, CD33 CD11b,c (low) SIRPa (low) CD1a,b,c, and d CD209 (DC-SIGN) BDCA-3 (Clec)9A CADM1 FactorXIIIA	CD13, CD33 CD11b,c SIRPa CD1c, CD2 FceR1 Clec4A,10A,12A,13B VEGFA CD32a CD14
TLR expression	TLR7, TLR9	TLR3, TLR9, TLR10	TLR2, TLR4, TLR5, TLR6, TLR8, TLR9
Chemokine receptors	CCR1, CCR2, CCR5, CCR9 CCR7 (mature cells) CXCR1, CXCR3	CCR1, CCR2, CCR4, CCR5, CCR6, CCR9 CCR7 (mature cells) CX3CR1
Cytokine production	IFN-α, IFN-β IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, IL-18 TNF-α CCL3, 4, 5 CXCL10,11 CXCL11	IFN (type I) IL-12	IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-15, IL-18, IL-23 TNF-α CCL3, 4 CXCL8
Main function	IFN production (activation of antiviral immune response)	Antigen presentation via MHC class I (priming and activation of CD8+ T cells)	Antigen presentation (lymphocyte priming and activation)
Anti-HIV-1 functions	Inhibition of viral replication (type I IFN)	Generation of specific adaptive immune response (mainly cytotoxic)	Generation of specific adaptive immune response (humoral and cytotoxic)
Pro-HIV-1 functions	T cell recruitment to infection site T cell activation (increasing susceptibility to HIV-1 infection) Long-term immune suppression (IDO production)	HIV-1 transport to lymph nodes Cell-to-cell transfer to T cells