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. 2019 Oct 29;9:15518. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-51876-5

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Differential PSD changes between contralateral and ipsilateral hemispheres to HIFU acutely after the injury. (A) On the contralateral side of the brain HIFU, sham and injured mice showed a divergent trend of change in absolute and relative δ power from 24 to 48 hours post treatment. (n = 3 in contralateral sham group, n = 6 in contralateral HIFU group, and n = 4 in ipsilateral HIFU and sham groups). (B) On the ipsilateral side of the brain to HIFU, injured animals showed increases in δ power and δ/ɵ ratio from 24 to 48 hours post treatment compared to sham control. (n = 4 in each group). (C) Differences in the change of δ power and δ/θ ratio from 24 to 48 hours post injury between ipsi- and contra-lateral sides of HIFU. (n = 6 in contralateral group, and n = 4 in ipsilateral group). (D) Alterations of PSD at ipsi- and contra-lateral sides to the injury at 24 and 48 hours post HIFU exposure. It was calculated by dividing the mean PSD of the injured animals by that of the sham animals. (E) Change of PSD from 24 to 48 hours post treatment on ipsi- and contra-lateral sides of the injury. Note the increase in δ frequency band in mice with injury at the ipsilateral side of the ECoG recording, whereas, decrease in animals with injury at the contralateral side of the recording. Shaded areas represent SE. (*p < 0.05, Wilcoxon rank sum test).