. 2019 Oct 29;52(Suppl 4):273–281. doi: 10.1007/s00391-019-01644-x

Table 2.

Activity behavior and difficulty of action

Activity	Category	Classification	Level of difficulty
(1) Lying in bed	Downtime in bed	Passive/iatrogenic^a	No action
(2) Talk, read, watch TV, eat in bed		Passive	Nontherapeutic action
(3) Supported sitting in bed		Passive	Nontherapeutic action
(4) Supported sitting out of bed	Sitting	Active/iatrogenic^a	Minimal therapeutic action
(5) Transfer with support or hoist		Active	Minimal therapeutic action
(6) Unsupported sitting in bed		Active/iatrogenic^a	Moderate therapeutic action
(7) Unsupported sitting out of bed		Active
(8) Supported standing	Upright activity
(9) Supported walking
(10) Supported bending knees
(11) Unsupported standing activities			High therapeutic action
(12) Unsupported walking
(13) Unsupported bending knees
(14) Unsupported transfer with feet on floor

^aMeasures suggested by hospital staff and activity which led to unnecessary immobility (e.g. wheelchair use despite patient’s ability to walk, lying in bed due to missing activities or time constraints of service staff)