Table 1.

Studies which used the Implicit Association Test as a metric of bias

Author/Year	Type of bias	Participant demographic	Educational activity
Baker, 2017 [36]	Weight	Medical students	Medical curriculum	a
Barney, 2017 [37]	Mental illness	Undergraduate	Service-learning
Blincoe, 2009 [38]	Race	Undergraduate	Cooperative learning
Calabrese, 2018 [39]	HIV/LGBT	Medical students	Case vignette
Castillo, 2007 [40]	Race	Graduate students	Cultural competency training
Dobbie, 2015 [41]	Race	Teacher trainees	Service learning
Galli, 2015 [42]	Disability	Public	Social contact
Gonzalez, 2014 [7]	Race	Medical students	Health disparities session	b
Gutierrez, 2014 [43]	Race	Graduate students	Videogame
Kallman, 2017 [44]	Disability	Undergraduate	Video
Kashihara, 2015 [45]	Mental illness	Undergraduate	Readings	c
Kogan, 2018 [46]	Age	Undergraduate	Service learning
Lincoln, 2008 [47]	Mental illness	Undergraduate and medical students	Brochure and video
Malinen, 2007 [48]	Gender	Undergraduate	Multimodal curriculum
Meadows, 2017 [49]	Weight	Medical students	Social contact and empathy training
Merz, 2018 [50]	Age	Undergraduate	Course on aging
Omori, 2012 [51]	Mental illness	Medical residents	Social contact
Penner, 2013 [52]	Race	Family medicine residents	Group intervention
Steed, 2010 [53]	Race	Occupational therapists	Cultural competency workshop
Swift, 2013 [54]	Race	Dieticians and medical students	Video
Teachman, 2003 [55]	Weight	Undergraduate	Reading
Wang, 2016 [56]	Mental illness	Undergraduate and medical students	Social contact
Whitford, 2018 [57]	Race	Pre-service teacher trainees	Empathy training
Zvonkovic, 2015 [58]	Mental illness	Undergraduate	Informative facts

^aUsed implicit relational assessment procedure not IAT

^bThese authors used the IAT both as a measure, and an elicitation tool

^cUsed brief version of the IAT